Encyclopedia of Toxicology

Philip Wexler is a Technical Information Specialist within with the Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program at the National Library of Medicine (NLM), where he has worked for twenty years. He is involved in testing, evaluating, enhancing, and documenting the TOXNET system and other NLM computerized files related to toxicology and hazardous chemicals, and is File Manager for the IRIS database. Mr. Wexler has taught and lectured widely on toxicology information in the U.S. and abroad, and has had numerous technical papers on the subject published. He has received the Distinguished Technical Communication Award by the Washington chapter of the Society for Technical Communication as well as the NLM Regents Award for Scholarship or Technical Achievement. Mr. Wexler also serves as an associate editor for a toxicology journal.

Guide to Encyclopedia. Foreword. Preface. VOLUME 1; Absorption. Academy of Toxicological Sciences. ACE Inhibitors. Acenaphthene. Acetaldehyde. Acetaminophen. Acetic Acid. Acetone. Acetonitrile. Acetylaminofluorene. Acetylcholine. Acetylene. Acetylsalicylic Acid. Acids. Aconitum Species. Acrolein. Acrylamide. Acrylic Acid. Acrylonitrile. Adiponitrile. Aerosols. A-esterase. Aflatoxin. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Alachlor. Alar. Albuterol. Aldicarb. Aldrin. Algae. Alkalies. Alkyl Halides. alpha-Methylfentanyl. alpha-Naphthyl Thiourea. Aluminum (A1). Aluminum Phosphide. Amdro. American Academy of Clinical Toxicology. American Association of Poison Control Centers. American Board of Toxicology. American College of Medical Toxicology. American College of Toxicology. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Ames Test. Aminoglycosides. Amiodarone. Ammonia. Ammonium Nitrate. Ammonium Perchlorate. Amphetamine. Amphibians. Amyl Nitrate. Analytical Toxicology. Androgens. Animal Models. Anthracene. Anticholinergics. Antimony (Sb). Anxiolytics. Aramite. Arsenic (As). Arum. Asbestos. Ascorbic Acid. Aspartame. Astemizole. Atrazine. Atropine. Avermectin. Azinphos-Methyl. Bacillus cereus. BAL. Baneberry. Barbiturates, Long-Acting. Barbiturates, Short-Acting. Barium (Ba). Baygon. BCNU. Behavioral Toxicology. Belladona Alkaloids. Benadryl. Benomyl. Benz[a]anthracene. Benzene. Benzene Hexachloride. Benzidine. Benzo[a]pyrene. Benzodiazepines. Benzyl Alcohol. Benzyl Benzoate. Beryllium (Be). Beta Blockers. Biguanides. Bioaccumulation. Bioconcentration. Biomagnification. Biomarkers, Environmental. Biomarkers, Human Health. Biotransformation. Bismuth (Bi). Bleach. Blood. Boric Acid. Boron (B). Botulinum Toxin. Brodifacoum. Bromine. Bromobenzene. Bromoform. Buckthorn. Butadiene, 1,3-. Butane. Butter Yellow. Butyl Ether. Butyl Ethyl Ether. Butyl Methyl Ether. Butyl Nitrite. Butylamines. Butylated Hydroxyanisole. Butyladed Hydroxytoluene. Butyraldehyde, n-. Butyric Acid. Butyronitrile. Butyrophenones. Cadmium (Cd). Caffeine. Calcium Channel Blockers. Calomel. Camphor. Captafol. Captan. Carbamate Pesticides. Carbamazepine. Carbaryl. Carbofuran. Carbon Dioxide. Carbon Disulfide. Carbon Monoxide. Carbon Tetrabromide. Carbon Tetrachloride. Carbonyl Sulfide. Carboxylesterases. Carboxylic Acids. Carcinogen Classification Schemes. Carcinogen-DNA Adduct Formation and DNA Repair. Carcinogenesis. Cardiovascular System. Castor Bean. Catecholamines. Cell Proliferation. Centipedes. Cephalosporins. Charcoal. Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology. Chloral Hydrate. Chloramphenicol. Chlorbenzilate. Chlordane. Chlordecone. Chlordimeform. Chlorine. Chlorine Dioxide. Chlorobenzene. Chloroform.; Chloromethyl Ether, bis-. Chlorophenols. Chlorophenoxy Herbicides. Chloropicrin. Chloroquine. Chlorothalonil. Chlorpheniramine. Chlorpromazine. Chlorpyrifos. Chlorzoxazone. Cholesterol. Choline. Cholinesterase Inhibition. Chromium (Cr). Chromosome Aberrations. Chrysene. Ciguatoxin. Cimetidine. Cisplatin. Clean Air Act. Clean Water Act. Clofibrate. Clonidine. Clostridium perfringens. Cobalt (Co). Cocaine. Codeine. Coke Oven Emissions. Colchicine. Combustion Toxicology. Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. Coniine. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Copper (Cu). Corrosives. Corticosteroids. Cosmetics. Cotinine. Coumarins. Creosote. Cromolyn. Cyanamide. Cyanide. Cyclodienes. Cyclohexane. Cyclohexene. Cyclophosphamide. Cypermethrin. Cysteine. 2,4-D. Dalapon. DDT. Decane. DEET. DEF. Deferoxamine. DEHP. Delaney Clause. Deltamethrin. Deodorants. Detergent. Developmental Toxicology. Dextromethorphan. Diazinon. Diazoxide. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene. Dibenzofuran. Dibromochloropropane. Dibutyl Phthalate. Dicamba. Dichlone. Dicholorobenzene. Dichloroethanes. Dichloroethylene, 1,1-. Dichloroethylene, 1,2-. Dichloropropene, 1,3-. Dichlorvos. Dieldrin. Diesel Exhaust. Diesel Fuel. Diethyl Ether. Diethylamine. Diethylene Glycol. Diethylstilbestrol. Diflubenzuron. Difluoroethylene, 1,1-. Digitalis Glycosides. Dimethoate. Dimethyl Sulfoxide. Dinitroanilines. Dinitrophenols. Dinitrotoluene. Dinoseb. Dioctylphthalate. Dioxane, 1,4-. Dioxins. Diphenhydramine. Diphenoxylate. Diphenylhydrazine. Disc Batteries. Distribution. Disulfiram. Dithiocarbamates. Diuron. Dominant Lethal Tests. Dose-Response Relationship. E. coli. Ecological Toxicology. Ecological Toxicology, Experimental Methods. EDTA. Effluent biomonitoring. Emergency Response. Endocrine System. Endrin. Environmental Hormone Disruptors. Environmental Processes. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory. Environmental Toxicology. Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome. Epichlorohydrin. Epidemiology . Ergot. Erythromycin. Ethane. Ethanol. Ethanolamine. Ethchlorvynol. Ethene. Ethyl Acetate. Ethyl Acrylate. Ethylamine. Ethylbenzene. Ethyl Bromide. Ethylene Glycol. Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether. Ethylene Glycol Mono-n-butyl Ether. Ethylene Imine. Ethylene Oxide. European Commission. European Society of Toxicology. Excretion. Exposure. Exposure Assessment. Exposure Criteria. Eye Irritancy Testing. VOLUME 2; Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. Fentanyl. Fentanyl Derivatives, Illicit. Fenthion. Fenvalerate. Fluorine. Fluoxetine. Folic Acid. Folpet. Food Additives. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Food and Drug Administration. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Forensic Toxicology. Formaldehyde. Formamide. Formic Acid. Foxglove. Freons. Furan. Furfural. Gallium (Ga). Gastrointestinal System. Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS). Ginger Jake. Ginseng. Glutathione. Glutethimide. Glyceraldehyde. Glycerol. Glycol Ethers. Glyphosate. Gold (Au). Good Laboratory Practices. Guaifenesin. Hazard Identification. Hazardous Waste. Helium. Hemlock, Poison. Hemlock, Water. Heparin. Heptachlor. Heptane. Heptanone. Heroin. Hexachlorobutadiene. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene. Hexachlorophene. Hexane. Holly. Hormesis. Host-Medicated Assay. Hydrangea. Hydrazine. Hydrobromic Acid. Hydrochloric Acid. Hydrocodone. Hydrofluoric Acid. Hydrogen Peroxide. Hydrogen Sulfide. Hydroiodic Acid. Hydromorphone. Hydroperoxides, Organic. Hydroxylamine. Hymenoptera. Hypersensitivity, Delayed-Type. Hypoglycemics, Oral. Ibuprofen. Immune System.; Indole. Indoor Air Pollution. Information Resources in Toxicology. International Agency for Research on Cancer. International Life Sciences Institute-North America. International Programme on Chemical Safety. International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals. International Union of Toxicology. Investigative New Drug Application. In Vitro Test. In Vivo Test. Iodine. Iron (Fe). Isocyanates. Isoniazid. Isoprene. Isopropanol. Jequirity Bean. Jimsonweed. Kerosene. Kidney. LD50/LC50. Lead (Pb). Levels of Effect in Toxicological Assessment. Levothyroxine. Lidocaine. Life Cycle Assessment. Lily of the Valley. Limonene. Lindane. Liothyronine. Lipid Peroxidation. Lithium (Li). Liver. Loperamide. Loxapine. LSD. Lye. Lyme Disease. Malathion. Mancozeb. Manganese (Mn). Marijuana. Maximum Allowable Concentration. Maximum Tolerated Dose. Mechanisms of Toxicity. Medical Surveillance. Meperidine. Meprobamate. Mercaptoethanol, 2-. Mercapturic Acid. Mercury (Hg). Mescaline. Metallothionein. Metals. Methadone. Methamidophos. Methane. Methanol. Methaqualone. Methomyl. Methoprene. Methoxychlor. Methoxyethanol. Methoxypsoralen. Methyl Acrylate. Methylamine. Methyl Bromide. Methylcholanthrene, 3-. Methyl Disulfide. Methyladopa. Methylene Chloride. Methyl Ethyl Ketone. Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Methyl Isobutyl Ketone. Methylmercury. Methylnitrosourea. Methyl Parathion. Methyl tButyl Ether. Methyprylon. Metronidazole. Mevinphos. Microtox. Minoxidil. Mistletoe. Mitomycin C. Mixtures. Modifying Factors of Toxicity. Molecular Toxicology-Recombinant DNA Technology. Molybdenum (Mo). Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Monosodium Glutamate. Morning Glory. Morphine. Mouse Lymphoma Assay. Mouthwash. Multiple Chemical Sensitivities. Mushrooms, Coprine. Mushrooms, Cyclopeptide. Mushrooms, Ibotenic Acid. Mushrooms, Monomethylhydrazine. Mushrooms, Muscarine. Mushrooms, Psilocybin. Mustard Gas. Mutagenesis. Mycotoxins. Napthalene. Naphthylisothiocyanate, 1-. National Center for Toxicological Research. National Environmental Policy Act. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. National Institutes of Health. National Library of Medicine/TEHIP. National Toxicology Program. Nematocides. Nerve Gases. Neurotoxicity, Delayed. Neurotoxicology: Central and Peripheral. Niacin. Nickel (Ni). Nicotine. Nitric Oxide. Nitrite Inhalants. Nitrites. Nitrobenzene. Nitroethane. Nitrogen Mustards. Nitrogen Tetraoxide. Nitromethane. Nitrosamines. N-Nitrosodimethylamine. Nitrous Oxide. Noise: Ototraumatic Effects. Norbormide. Nutmeg. Occupational Safety and Health Act. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Occupational Toxicology. Octane. Oil, Crude. Oil, Lubricating. Oleander. Opium. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Organochlorine Insecticides. Organophosphate Poisoning, Intermediate Syndrome. Organophosphates. Organotins. Oxygen. Ozone. Paraquat. Parathion. Paregoric. Penicillin. Pentachloronitrobenzene. Pentachlorophenol. Pentane. Pentazocine. Perchloric Acid. Periodic Acid. Permethrin. Permissible Exposure Limit. Peroxisome Proliferators. Pesticides. Petroleum Distillates. Petroleum Ether. Petroleum Hydrocarbons. Peyote. Pharmacokinetic Models. Pharmacokinetics/Toxicokenetics. Phenanthrene. Phencyclidine. Phenol. Phenothiazines. Phenylmercuric Acetate. Phenylpropanolamine. Phenytoin. Phorbol Esters. Phosgene. Phosphoric Acid. Photoallergens. Photochemical Oxidants. Phthalate Esters Plasticizers. Picloram. Picric Acid. Piperonyl Butoxide. Platinum (Pt). Poinsettia. Poisoning Emergencies in Humans. Pokeweed. Pollution, Air. Pollution Prevention Act. Pollution, Soil. Pollution, Water. Polybrominated Biphenyls. Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Polycyclic Aromatic Amines. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Polyethylene Glycol. Polymers. Population Density. Potassium (K). Primidone. Procainamide. Prometryn. Propachlor. Propane. Propanil. Propargite. Propazine. Propene. Propionic Acid. Proposition 65. Propoxur. Propoxyphene. Prostaglandins. Prunus Species. Pseudophedrine. Psychological Indices of Toxicology. Pyrethrin/Pyrethroids. Pyridine. Pyridoxine. Pyriminil. VOLUME 3; Quartz. Quinidine. Quinine. Radiation Toxicology. Radon. Ranitidine. Red Dye No. 2. Red Tide. Reproductive System, Female. Reproductive System, Male. Reserpine. Resistance to Toxicants. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. Respiratory Tract. Rhododendron Genus. Rhubarb. Riboflavin. Rifampin. Risk Assessment, Ecological. Risk Assessment, Human Health. Risk Characterization. Risk Communication. Risk Management. Rotenone. Saccharin. Safe Drinking Water Act. Salicylates. Salmonella. Sarin. Saxitoxin. Scombroid. Scorpions. Selenium (Se). Sensitivity Analysis. Sensory Organs. Sertraline Hydrochloride. Shampoo. Shellfish Poisoning, Paralytic. Shigella. Short-Term Exposure Limit. Sick Building Syndrome. Silver (Ag). Sister Chromatid Exchanges. Skeletal System. Skin. Snake, Crotalidae. Snake, Elapidae. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. Society of Toxicology. Sodium (Na). Sodium Fluoroacetate. Sodium Sulfite. Solanum Genus. Soman. Speed. Spider, Black Widow. Spider, Brown Recluse. Staphylococcus aureus. State Regulation of Consumer Products. Structure-Activity Relationships. Strychnine. Styrene. Sudan Grass. Sulfites. Sulfur Dioxide. Sulfur Mustard. Surfactants, Anionic and Nonionic. 2,4,5,-T. Tabun. TCDD. Tellurium (Te). Terbutaline. Terfenadine. Tetrachloroethane. Tetrachloroethylene. Tetrachlorophenoxyacetic Acid. Tetrahydrofuran. Tetranitromethane. Tetrodotoxin. Thalidomide. Thallium (Tl). Tobacco. Tobacco Smoke. Toluene. Tolune Diisoyanate. Toluidine. Toxicity, Acute. Toxicity, Chronic. Toxicity, Subchronic. Toxicity Testing, Alternatives. Toxicity Testing, Aquatic. Toxicity Testing, Behavioral. Toxicity Testing, Carcinogenesis. Toxicity Testing, Dermal . Toxicity Testing, Developmental . Toxicity Testing, Inhalation . Toxicity Testing, Reproductive . Toxicology. Toxicology, Education and Careers. Toxicology, History of. Toxic Substances Control Act. Toxic Torts. Triadimefon. Trichloroethanes. Trichloroethylene. Tricyclic Antidipressants. Trihalomethanes. Trinitrotoluene. Uncertainty Analysis. Uranium (U). Urethane. Valproic Acid. Vanadium. Vanillin. Veterinary Toxicology. Vinyl Chloride. Vitamin A. Vitamin D. Vitamin E. VX. Warfarin. Wisteria. Xylene. Yew. Yohimbine. Zinc (Zn). Glossary of Key Terms. Contributors. Index.