Deep Ocean Circulation (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Deep Ocean Circulation: Physical and Chemical Aspects 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Preface 6
Chapter 1. Motivation of the Project Research and a Hypothetical Circulation model presented prior to the Research 12
Motivation of the Project Research and a Hypothetical Circulation Model Presented Prior to the Research 14
Chapter 2. Structure of Subsurface Water Circulation and Associated Distribution of Water Properties 26
Deep Water Properties and Circulation in the Western North Pacific 28
Density Field along 12°N and 13°N in the Philippine Sea 50
Abyssal Boundary Current along the Northwestern Perimeter of the Philippine Basin 62
Deep Circulation in the Shikoku Basin Measured with the SOFAR floats 80
Chapter 3. Circulation and Mixing of Water as Deduced from Distribution of Chemical Tracers 92
Chemistry and the Oceans: An Overview 94
Philippine Sea Abyssal Waters in the Northwestern Pacific: Characterization from Tracer-Tracer Diagrams 102
Dynamics of the Japan Sea Deep Water Studied with Chemical and Radiochemical Tracers 116
Instrumental Development for Measurement of Phosphate in Seawater and Some Discussion of Nutrient Distributions in the North Pacific 132
Actinium-227: A Steady State Tracer for the Deep-sea Basin-wide Circulation and Mixing Studies 150
Distributions and Mass-balance of 239,9240Pu and 137Cs in the Northern North Pacific 168
Trace Metals in the North Pacific — Recent Development of Clean Techniques and their Applications to Ocean Chemistry 180
Distribution of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in the North Pacific Ocean 196
Determination of Some Oxyacid Elements and Manganese in Seawater and their Distributions in Some Unique Environments of the North Pacific 210
Chapter 4. Vertical Flux of Chemical Substances and their Behaviours in the Deep Oceans 220
Seasonal Variation of Lithogenic Flux in Japan Trench Continental Slope Measured by Sediment Trap 222
Vertical Fluxes of Organic Materials in the Northern North West Pacific and Breid Bay, Antarctica, with Special Reference in the Effect of Phytoplankton Bloom 232
Organic Composition of Sinking Particles (JT-01) in Japan Trench as Revealed by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry 246
Chapter 5. Modelling of Subsurface Water Circulation and Associated Dynamical Processes 264
Numerical Modelling of the Philippine Sea 266
The Occurrence of Vacillation in a Model Ocean Driven by Wind, Heat and Salinity Flux 284
Modelling of Western Pacific Abyssal Circulation — Preliminary Experiment 296
Diagnostic Approaches on Deep Ocean Circulation 318
Laboratory Experiments of Dense Water Descending on Continental Slope 344
Chapter 6. Development of Acoustic Technology for Ocean Measurement 362
Target Parameter Estimation by Linear-Period Modulated Signal 364
A Low Frequency Underwater Sound Source and Control Technique of Transducer Directivity 376
Development of Multipaths Inverted Echosounder 386