Speaking With a Purpose

Preface.


1.  The Communicative Act

Communication Breakdown

Listening

Barriers to Listening

Ways to Improve Listening

Note-Taking Tips

Say Something Worthwhile

Projecting Confidence

The Truth About Nervousness

How to Develop Self-Confidence

Ethics in Communication

2. Audience Analysis.

Who Exactly Is My Audience?

What Response Can I Reasonably Expect from My Audience?

Will My Audience Find This Subject Useful?

Will My Audience Find This Subject Interesting?

What Is My Audience's Knowledge of My Subject?

What Demographic Characteristics Should I Consider about My Audience?

Is My Audience's Attitude Favorable, Indifferent, or Opposed?

An Opposed Audience

Audience Analysis Forms

3. Determine Your Purpose and Subject.

Selecting a Subject.

Specific Purpose.

The Central Idea.

4. The Introduction and Conclusion.

Objectives of Introductions.

Attention Step in Introductions.

Types of Conclusions.

Sample Full-Sentence Outline for a Speech to Instruct.

5. Gathering Supportive Material.

Personal Experience and Knowledge.

Clustering.

The Library.

The Librarian.

Electronic Services.

The Internet.

Ethics in Using the Internet.

The World Wide Web.

E-Mail.

Telnet.

Usenet.

Interviewing.

Taking Notes.

Bibliography.

6. Supporting Your Ideas.

Examples.

Explanation.

Statistics.

Testimony.

Comparison and Contrast.

Visual Aids.

Computer Generated Visual Aids.

Combined Supports.

7. Preparing the Content of Your Speech.

Organizing Your Speech.

Planning the Body.

Decide on Main Points.

Arranging Central Idea and Main Points.

Outlining Your Speech. 

Body of Speech.

Transitions.

8. Delivering Your Speech.

Impromptu Speeches.

Manuscript Speeches.

Memorized Speeches.

Extemporaneous Speeches.

Nonverbal Communication.

Kinesics.

Paralanguage.

Effective Word Choice.

Interestingness.

Appropriateness.

Extemporaneous Method.

Sample Delivery Outline.

Using Note Cards.

Practicing the Speech.

Delivery Distractions.

Delivery Pitfalls.

9. Informing.

Demonstration Speeches.

Description Speeches.

Expository Speeches.

Guidelines for Informative Speaking.

Sample Speech to Inform.

10. Persuasion.

Persuasion Defined.

Personal Proof.

Psychological Proof.

Logical Proof.

Deductive Reasoning.

Inductive Reasoning.

Other Forms of Reasoning.

Fallacies.

Types of Persuasive Speeches.

Sample Speech to Inform.

11. Group Communication.

The Functions of Discussion.

Types of Discussion.

Participating in Discussion.

Moderating the Discussion.

A Pattern for Problem Solving.

Evaluating Discussions.

Using Case Problems.

Index.