Autophagy in Health and Disease

Bev Rothermel, PhD, is an Associate Professor at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, TX, with appointments in the Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) and Molecular Biology. Her laboratory was directly involved in some of the first studies demonstrating the dual nature of autophagy in the cardiovascular system. She has lectured on the role of autophagy in human disease for more than ten years as a component of the graduate school’s Integrative Biology program. Current studies in her lab seek to understand circadian regulation of cardiac mitophagy as well as identify the causes and consequences of suppressed autophagy in Down syndrome. Her research is supported by the National Institutes of Health’s INCLUDE Project, the Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Research Network, and the American Heart Association. Abhinav Diwan, MBBS, is a physician-scientist and a board-certified cardiologist, and directs a laboratory-based research program focused on basic and translational studies to therapeutically target the autophagy-lysosome pathway in human disease. He is Professor of Medicine, Cell Biology and Physiology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology at Washington University in Saint Louis, Missouri, USA and Staff Physician at the John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Saint Louis. Studies from his laboratory have uncovered evidence for acquired lysosome dysfunction as a common cellular in cardiomyopathy and heart failure, Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes. Translational research from his program has established the autophagy-lysosome pathway as a viable therapeutic target, with activation of the lysosome biogenesis program as an exciting strategy in these conditions. He has also proven to be an outstanding mentor to the next generation of physician-scientists, an effort he leads as the program director of the Investigator Training Pathway in the Cardiovascular Division supported by a NIH T32 training grant.

Section I - Overview 1. Introduction Beverly A. Rothermel and Abhinav Diwan 2. Mechanisms of autophagy: the machinery of macroautophagy and points of control Congcong He 3. Regulation of autophagy - transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and posttranslational mechanisms Logan Slade and Thomas Pulinilkunnil 4. Selectivity and trafficking of autophagic cargoes Nuzhat Ahsan, Kautilya Kumar Jena, Subhash 5. The role of lysosomes in autophagy Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz and Viktor I. Korolchuk 6. Methods for measuring autophagy Allen Andres 7. Effects of physiologic inputs on autophagy Tobias Eisenberg, Mahmoud Abdellatif, Senka Ljubojevic-Holzer and Simon SedejSection II - Development 8. Autophagy in germ cells, stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells Moydul Islam, Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen, Abhinav Diwan and Beverly A. Rothermel 9. Role of autophagy in embryogenesis Takayuki Tatsumi and Satoshi Tsukamoto 10. Autophagy in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis Angela Ianniciello and G. Vignir Helgason 11. Autophagy in cell plasticity with particular focus on paligenosis Megan D. Radyk, Lillian B. Spatz and Jason C. MillsSection III - Metabolic control and diabetes 12. Autophagy in the liver Mark Li and Ling Yang 13. Autophagy in adipose tissue Vishaka Vinod and Sihem Boudina 14. Autophagy in the pancreas Amelia Williams, Merilin Georgiou and Catherine Arden 15. Skeletal muscle Greg R. Markby and Kei SakamotoSection IV – Cardiovascular System 16. Autophagy in the cardiovascular system Daniel Peñ-Oyarzún, Valeria Garrido-Moreno, Luis Garrido-Olivares, Ramon Corbalan, Alfredo Criollo and Sergio Lavandero 17. Lungs Poornima Mahavadi, Martina Korfei and Andreas Guenther 18. Autophagy in the vasculature Bieke Steenput, Cédric HG. Neutel, Nina Hermans, Wim Martinet, Guido R.Y. De Meyer, Pieter-Jan Guns and Lynn RothSection V - The nervous system and neurodegeneration 19. Altered autophagy on the path to Parkinson's disease Irene Sanchez-Mirasierra, Sergio Hernandez-Diaz, Saurav Ghimire, Patrick Main and Sandra-Fausia Soukup 20. Autophagic processes in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease Chenglong Xie, Yahyah Aman, Johannes Frank, Maria Jose Donate-Lagartos, Ruben Gudmundsrud, Katerina Cechová, Liu Shi, Martin Vyhnalek and Evandro F. FangSection VI – Homeostasis and disease in other organ systems 21. Autophagy as an integral immune system component Elizabeth Bueno, Samuel Wyatt, Robyn Duttenhefner, Daniel Asa, Srinivasulu Dasanna and Sangita C. Sinha 22. Autophagy in the gastrointestinal system and cross talk with microbiota Felipe X. Pimentel-Muiños 23. Role of autophagy in building and maintaining the skeletal system Olivier Camuzard, Marie-Charlotte Trojani, Georges F. Carle and Vale´rie Pierrefite-Carle 24. Autophagy on the road to longevity and aging Maria Manifava and Nicholas T. Ktistakis 25. Autophagy in cancer: friend or foe? Silvia Vega-Rubín-de-Celis 26. Mammalian microautophagy: mechanism and roles in disease Takahiro Seki and Hiroshi Katsuki 27. Chaperone-mediated autophagy - mechanisms and disease role Amelina Albornoz, Alvaro Sequeida, Christian Rodríguez and Mauricio Budini 28. Targeting autophagy: lifestyle and pharmacological approaches Alfredo Briones-Herrera, Tania Gómez-Sierra, Elena Martínez-Klimova, Belén Bellido and José Pedraza-Chaverr