Ultrasonography in Ophthalmology

One: The Eye.- 1. Vitreous pathology.- Echography and vitreous surgery.- Ultrasonographic characteristics of operable massive periretinal proliferation.- Ultrasonic diagnosis of massive periretinal proliferation.- Rapid B-scanning in diabetic eye disease.- Preoperative evaluation of vitreous surgery by ultrasonography.- Diagnostic ultrasound in cases of experimental vitreous hemorrhage.- A long-term ultrasonographic follow-up of injected blood into the vitreous.- Ultrasonic examination of the vitreous.- Prophylaxis of retinal detachment in endovitreous hemorrhages experimentally driven.- Echographic diagnosis after intraocular silicone oil injection.- Round table discussion on vitreous pathology.- 2. Intraocular tumours.- The relation between histopathology and ultrasonography in intraocular tumours.- The Role of ultrasound in the investigation and management of suspected ocular melanoma.- Differential diagnostic results of clinical echography in intraocular tumors.- Absolute absorption and reflectance constants of ocular tissue. Abstract only.- A-mode ultrasonography in cases of leukokoria.- Echographic results in the diagnosis of retinoblastoma.- Considerations of two cases of medullo-epitheliomas.- The role of echography in the conservative treatment of endobulbar tumours.- Computer analysis of A-mode echograms from choroidal melanoma.- A choroidal oat-cell carcinoma metastasis mimicking a choroidal melanoma.- 3. Oculometry, lensimplantation.- Ocular biometry.- Determination of sound velocity in different forms of cataracts.- Ultrasonographic study of the ocular parameters after glaucoma surgery.- Ocular echometry in the diagnosis of congenital glaucoma.- Ocular dimensions of eyes with Fuchs’ spot provided by ultrasonic biometry.- Ultrasonic study of axial lengthchanges after encircling operation.- An idea for measurement of the axial length of the eye with laser as visual target.- The growth of the eye from the age of 10 to 18 years.- Myopia of prematurity — Changes during adolescence.- Intraocular lens insertion made to ultrasonic measure. Abstract only.- Sources of error in the calculation of intraocular lens power.- Determination of intraocular lenses by ultrasound.- Predictive value of calculated dioptric power of prepupillary implant lenses.- A computerized method to analyse echograms for the calculation of intraocular lenses.- 4. Miscellaneous.- Noonan’s syndrome, echographic study.- Five years ultrasonographic eye examination in children.- Computer assisted acoustic measurements of the posterior ocular coats. Abstract only.- A comparative echographic and biochemical study of the subretinal fluid (S.R.F.) in idiopathic retinal detachment.- A characteristic echographic sign of choroidal detachment — The appearance of the angle of junction with the ocular wall.- A-scan echography of the eye and orbit — A training film for medical students and doctors. Abstract only.- Retinal tear on B-scanning.- Two: The Orbit.- 1. Orbital tumours.- The role of ultrasound in the investigation and management of orbital disease.- Differential diagnostic results of clinical echography in orbital tumors.- Echographic differentiation of vascular tumors in the orbit.- Comparison of echographic and computertomographic examinations in orbital diseases.- Echography in orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. Abstract only.- Combination of echography with coronal CT in the diagnosis of orbital disorders.- Echography in unusual orbital complications of parasinusal diseases.- Eight years of A- and B-scan ultrasonography in tumoural diagnostics of the globeand orbit.- Echographic differential diagnosis of optic-nerve lesions.- 2. Optic nerve, muscles.- Echographic follow-up of dysthyroid eye disease.- Swollen extraocular muscles — Ultrasonographic findings and clinical appearance.- Echography in orbital myositis.- B-scan ultrasonography in optic neuropathy.- Ultrasonography of the optic nerve.- Motility disorders in high myopia.- 3. Miscellaneous.- Echographic findings in 34 patients with choroidal folds.- Ultrasonography and percutaneous orbital aspiration.- A comparison of ultrasound and C.T. scanning in blow out fracture of the orbit.- A proposed orbital wall orient point for topographic and quantitative echography.- Some less important use of ultrasound in ophthalmology.- Three: New Techniques.- 1. Tissue characterization.- Digital processing and imaging modes for clinical ultrasound.- In vivo characterization of intraocular membranes.- The recognition of detached retina and vitreous membranes by means of radio frequency signal analysis.- Measurement of ultrasound attenuation in tissues from scattered reflections: In vitro assessment of applicability.- Acoustic measurements of vitreous membrane and retina thickness reflectives.- 2. Equipment.- The significance of the S-shaped amplifier characteristics in echographic tissue diagnosis.- Comparative measurements on different pulse-echo systems using test reflectors.- Reliability and accuracy of TM (tissue model) for calibration of standardized A-scan instrumentation.- Comparative measurements on ultrasonic pulse-echo equipment with the Echosimulator.- A new device for ocular biometry.- Influence of equipment parameters on results in ophthalmic ultrasonography. I. Sensitivity and echo detection capability.- Influence of equipment parameters on results in ophthalmicultrasonography. II. Frequency and frequency spectrum.- A new ophthalmic ultrasonoscope.- Image freezing and grey scale in ophthalmic echography.- A new contact B-scan ultrasonic apparatus for the ophthalmological diagnosis.- Functional realization of a SAB-scanner.- Digitalized echo oculometry.- Electronic tissue model (E.T.M.).- Round table discussion on tissue characterization.- Closing remarks.- List of Contributors.