Solid-Liquid Two Phase Flow -  Serife S. Helvaci,  Sumer M. Peker

Solid-Liquid Two Phase Flow (eBook)

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2011 | 1. Auflage
534 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-055341-2 (ISBN)
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167,12 inkl. MwSt
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This book is an undertaking of a pioneering work of uniting three vast fields of interfacial phenomena, rheology and fluid mechanics within the framework of solid-liquid two phase flow. No wonder, much finer books will be written in the future as the visionary aims of many nations in combining molecular chemistry, biology, transport and interfacial phenomena for the fundamental understanding of processes and capabilities of new materials will be achieved. Solid-liquid systems where solid particles with a wide range of physical properties, sizes ranging from nano- to macro- scale and concentrations varying from very dilute to highly concentrated, are suspended in liquids of different rheological behavior flowing in various regimes are taken up in this book. Interactions among solid particles in molecular scale are extended to aggregations in the macro scale and related to settling, flow and rheological behavior of the suspensions in a coherent, sequential manner. The classical concept of solid particles is extended to include nanoparticles, colloids, microorganisms and cellular materials. The flow of these systems is investigated under pressure, electrical, magnetic and chemical driving forces in channels ranging from macro-scale pipes to micro channels. Complementary separation and mixing processes are also taken under consideration with micro- and macro-scale counterparts.
- Up-to-date including emerging technologies
- Coherent, sequential approach
- Wide scope: microorganisms, nanoparticles, polymer solutions, minerals, wastewater sludge, etc
- All flow conditions, settling and non-settling particles, non-Newtonian flow, etc
- Processes accompanying conveying in channels, such as sedimentation, separation, mixing
This book is an undertaking of a pioneering work of uniting three vast fields of interfacial phenomena, rheology and fluid mechanics within the framework of solid-liquid two phase flow. No wonder, much finer books will be written in the future as the visionary aims of many nations in combining molecular chemistry, biology, transport and interfacial phenomena for the fundamental understanding of processes and capabilities of new materials will be achieved. Solid-liquid systems where solid particles with a wide range of physical properties, sizes ranging from nano- to macro- scale and concentrations varying from very dilute to highly concentrated, are suspended in liquids of different rheological behavior flowing in various regimes are taken up in this book. Interactions among solid particles in molecular scale are extended to aggregations in the macro scale and related to settling, flow and rheological behavior of the suspensions in a coherent, sequential manner. The classical concept of solid particles is extended to include nanoparticles, colloids, microorganisms and cellular materials. The flow of these systems is investigated under pressure, electrical, magnetic and chemical driving forces in channels ranging from macro-scale pipes to micro channels. Complementary separation and mixing processes are also taken under consideration with micro- and macro-scale counterparts.- Up-to-date including emerging technologies- Coherent, sequential approach- Wide scope: microorganisms, nanoparticles, polymer solutions, minerals, wastewater sludge, etc- All flow conditions, settling and non-settling particles, non-Newtonian flow, etc- Processes accompanying conveying in channels, such as sedimentation, separation, mixing

Front cover 1
Solid–Liquid Two Phase Flow 4
Copyright page 5
Preface 8
Contents 12
List of Contributors 18
Chapter 1. The Particulate Phase: A Voyage from the Molecule to the Granule 20
1.1 Molecular Interactions 20
1.2 Interactions of Electrical Origin Between Particles 25
1.3 Interaction of Particles Due to Non-Dlvo Forces 36
1.4 Aggregation of Particles 43
1.5 Aggregation of Ferromagnetic Particles 55
1.6 Formation of Glasses and Gels 58
1.7 Self-Assemblies of Surfactants 61
1.8 Stabilization of Suspensions 69
1.9 Aggregation in Biological Systems 78
Chapter 2. Non-Newtonian Behavior of Solid–Liquid Suspensions 90
2.1 Viscoelasticity 90
2.2 Rheological Models of Time-Independent Non-Newtonian Fluids 105
2.3 Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids Through Cylindrical Pipes 114
2.4 Flow Through Noncylindrical Channels 160
Chapter 3. Concentrated Suspensions 186
3.1 Ordering in Concentrated Suspensions 186
3.2 Rheology of Concentrated Hard-Sphere Suspensions 193
3.3 Rheology of Soft-Particle Suspensions 219
3.4 Migration, Slip, and Drag Reduction 231
3.5 Shear Flow of Viscoelastic Suspensions 236
3.6 Flow of Biological Fluids: Blood Flow in the Circulatory System 244
Chapter 4. Motion of Particles in Fluids 264
4.1 Motion of the Fluid Phase 264
4.2 Forces Acting on Particles 271
4.3 Motion of Spherical Particles 276
4.4 Motion of Nonuniform Particles 282
4.5 Hindered Settling 297
Chapter 5. Modeling the Flow of Settling Suspensions 310
5.1 Basic Concepts in Modeling of Two-Phase Flow 310
5.2 Averaging Techniques for Model Equations 316
5.3 Mathematical Requirements for Averaging Transport Equations 319
5.4 Basic Equations for Solid–Liquid Suspension Flows 322
5.5 Ensemble Averaged Equations for Two-Fluid Model 324
5.6 Eulerian Single Fluid Model: Mixture Model 331
5.7 Mixture Model on Macroscale: General Balance Equations 334
5.8 Drift Flux Model 343
Chapter 6. Flow of Settling Slurries 348
6.1 Flow Patterns and Flow Regimes 348
6.2 General Balance Equations for Flow of Slurries Through Pipes 353
6.3 Dispersion Mechanisms of Solid Particles 365
6.4 Mechanism of Frictional Losses 372
6.5 Pressure Losses in Pipe Flow 377
6.6 Particle Concentration Distributions in Different Flow Patterns 385
6.7 Deposition Velocity 390
6.8 Settling Flow of Solid–Liquid Suspensions with Stationary Bed 391
Chapter 7. Mixing in Solid–Liquid Systems 404
7.1 The Role of Surface Tension in Wetting of Solids 404
7.2 Discharge of Solids into Liquids 413
7.3 Mechanisms of Mixing 419
7.4 Mechanically Agitated Mixers 422
7.5 Static Mixers 443
7.6 Mixing of Concentrated Suspensions 445
7.7 Mixing in the Microscale 450
Chapter 8. Classification and Separation of Solid–Liquid Systems 458
8.1 Classification and Separation in a Gravitational Field 458
8.2 Separation in a Magnetic Field 476
8.3 Separations in the Microscale 478
Appendix A. Mathematical Operations 490
Appendix B. Population Balances 512
Appendix C. Tables for Use in Plug Flow in an Annulus 522
Index 528

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