Cancers in the Urban Environment (eBook)
656 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-052846-5 (ISBN)
The book permits residents to screen the malignancies and identify those of special concern locally, and to identify other communities with similar concerns. The pattern of each malignancy is briefly discussed with reference to background knowledge of causation and the degree to which the observed pattern was expected on that basis. Persons residing outside Los Angeles County will identify patterns likely to prevail in their own communities.
Physicians and scientific investigators in California and elsewhere can use the material provided to counsel patients and evaluate the consistency of any specific pattern of occurrence with each specific causal hypothesis. A detailed appendix describes the source of data, provides the basis for the choices made in the production of the volume, and gives a perspective on the search for clusters of malignancy.
* Compares different types of cancers with respect to the degree of non-random occurrence
* Contains numerous maps detailing the demographic and geographic pattern of cancer occurrence in Los Angeles County
* Provides an empirical perspective to the search for disease clusters
This volume, the first of its kind ever, is designed to provide both laypersons and professionals with a detailed description of the occurrence of each common form of cancer in the ethnically, socially, and environmentally complex milieu of a modern urban complex. The place is Los Angeles County, and the patterns of 72 different malignancies are described according to race, age, sex, social class calendar time (since 1972) and most notably, individual neighborhood, using detailed maps of high risk.The book permits residents to screen the malignancies and identify those of special concern locally, and to identify other communities with similar concerns. The pattern of each malignancy is briefly discussed with reference to background knowledge of causation and the degree to which the observed pattern was expected on that basis. Persons residing outside Los Angeles County will identify patterns likely to prevail in their own communities.Physicians and scientific investigators in California and elsewhere can use the material provided to counsel patients and evaluate the consistency of any specific pattern of occurrence with each specific causal hypothesis. A detailed appendix describes the source of data, provides the basis for the choices made in the production of the volume, and gives a perspective on the search for "e;clusters? of malignancy.* Compares different types of cancers with respect to the degree of non-random occurrence* Contains numerous maps detailing the demographic and geographic pattern of cancer occurrence in Los Angeles County* Provides an empirical perspective to the search for disease "e;clusters"e;
Front Cover 1
Cancers in the urban Environment 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Foreword 8
Introduction for Scientists 10
Introduction for Laypersons 12
What Cancers Are 14
Environmental and Other Causes of Cancer 16
Chapter 1. Resources Used to Detect Local Increases in Risk 19
Chapter 2. Methods Used to Detect Local Increases in Risk 20
Errors Due to Chance 23
Comparison Between “Apples” and “Oranges” 29
Failure to Detect Local Increases in Risk 31
Investigating a Lead 33
Guide to the Figures 36
Interpretation 40
Scientific and Technical Notes 43
Bibliography 56
Oropharyngeal Carcinoma 57
Salivary Gland Malignancies 65
Squamous Carcinoma of the Esophagus/Gastric Cardia 72
Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus/Gastric Cardia 79
Adenocarcinoma of the (Lower) Stomach 86
Carcinoma of the Small Intestine 93
Chapter 3. Colon Carcinoma, Total (Both Upper and Sigmoid) 100
Carcinoma of the Upper Colon 108
Carcinoma of the Sigmoid Colon 115
Carcinoma of the Rectum 122
Hepatocellular Carcinoma 129
Cholangiocarcinoma 136
Gallbladder Carcinoma 143
Biliary Tract Carcinoma 150
Pancreas Carcinoma 157
Carcinoma of the Nose/Sinuses 164
Carcinoma of the Larynx 171
Chapter 4. Lung and Bronchus Carcinoma, Total (All Types) 178
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus 186
Large Cell Carcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus 194
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus 201
Adenocarcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus 208
Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus 216
Undifferentiated Carcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus 223
Carcinoma of the Lung and Bronchus, Not Otherwise Classified 230
Mesothelioma 237
Soft Tissue Sarcoma 244
Angiosarcoma 251
Kaposi Sarcoma 258
Osteosarcoma 265
Ewing’s Sarcoma 272
Malignant Chordoma 277
Malignant Melanoma 284
Breast Carcinoma 292
Squamous Cervix Carcinoma (Invasive) 300
Endometrial (Uterine Corpus) Carcinoma 305
Epithelial Carcinoma of the Ovary 311
Germ Cell Malignancies 316
Prostate Carcinoma 323
Anogenital Adenocarcinoma 328
Anogential Squamous Carcinoma 335
Mixed Cell Genital Tumors 342
Squamous Bladder Carcinoma 355
Transitional Cell (Non-Squamous) Bladder Carcinoma 347
Renal Cell Carcinoma 362
Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma) 369
Retinoblastoma 376
Brain Malignancies (Gliomas) 383
Spinal Cord Malignancies 390
Neurolemoma (Nerve Sheath Malignancy) 395
Neuroblastoma 402
Malignant Meningioma 409
Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid 414
Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid 422
Other Carcinoma of the Thyroid 429
Pituitary Carcinoma 436
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 441
Carcinoma of the Thymus 448
Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma 455
Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma 462
Other Hodgkin Lymphoma 470
Chapter 5. All Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (All Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Types) 477
Follicular Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 485
Diffuse Large B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 492
Diffuse Small Lymphocytic or Plasmacytic B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 499
Diffuse Mixed B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 506
High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 513
T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 520
Maltoma Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 527
Other Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma 534
Chapter 6. Central Nervous System Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (All Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Types) 541
Chapter 7. Stomach Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (All Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Types) 548
Chapter 8. Other Gastrointestinal Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (All Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Types) 555
Chapter 9. Lymph Node/Other Organ Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (All Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Types) 562
Multiple Myeloma 569
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 576
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 584
Hairy Cell Leukemia 591
Acute Non-Lymphocytic Leukemia 598
Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia 605
Other Leukemias 612
Chapter 10. All Malignancies of Infants/Toddlers 619
Chapter 11. All Malignancies of Older Children 626
Chapter 12. All Malignancies of Young Adults 633
Chapter 13. All Malignancies of Older Adults 640
Chapter 14. All Malignancies 647
Overall Summary 654
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 21.7.2004 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Sachbuch/Ratgeber |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Onkologie | |
| Studium ► Querschnittsbereiche ► Epidemiologie / Med. Biometrie | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-08-052846-5 / 0080528465 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-08-052846-5 / 9780080528465 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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