Pheromones (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Vitamins and Hormones: Pheromones 4
Copyright Page 5
Former Editors 6
Contents 8
Contributors 16
Preface 22
Chapter One: Functional Neuronal Processing of Human Body Odors 24
I. The Microsmatic Fallacy 25
II. Human Body Odor Perception and Production 26
III. Central Processing of Body Odors 27
IV. Neuronal Processing of the Smell of Fear 30
V. Are Body Odors Processed by the Main Olfactory System? 35
VI. Kin Recognition via Body Odors 38
VII. The Stimulus Delivery Problem 39
VIII. Conclusion 40
Acknowledgments 41
References 41
Chapter Two: Female Perception of Male Body Odor 48
I. Olfaction in Humans 49
II. Sex Differences in Sensitivity to Body Odor 52
III. The Physiological and Behavioral Impact of Male Odor on Females 55
IV. The Effects of Odor on Mate Choice 59
V. Conclusions 62
References 63
Chapter Three: Current Issues in the Study of Androstenes in Human Chemosignaling 70
I. Introduction 71
II. Biochemistry of Androstenes 72
III. Psychophysical Research Using Androstenes 75
IV. Psychological Effects 81
V. Discussion 91
Acknowledgments 97
References 98
Chapter Four: Mammary Odor Cues and Pheromones 106
I. Introduction: Sensory Guidance to the Milk Resource for Inexperienced, Fragile Newborns 107
II. Evolution and General Functions of Mammary Odor Cues 108
III. What Is in a Scent? Informational Intricacy in Mammary Odor 110
IV. Pan-Mammalian Distribution of Mammary Odor Cues and Signals 114
V. Regulation of Mammary Odor Cues and Pheromones 139
VI. Conclusions and Prospects 142
Acknowledgments 145
References 145
Chapter Five: Exposure to Female Pheromones During Pregnancy Causes Postpartum Anxiety in Mice 160
I. Materials and Methods 162
II. Results 164
III. Discussion 169
References 171
Chapter Six: Major Urinary Protein Regulation of Chemical Communication and Nutrient Metabolism 174
I. Introduction 175
II. MUP Structure and Polymorphism 177
IV. MUP Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism 179
V. Conclusions and Future Directions 182
Acknowledgments 183
References 183
Chapter Seven: Chemosensory Function of the Amygdala 188
I. Introduction 191
II. Compartmentalization of the Chemosensory Amygdala 192
III. Functional Anatomy of the Chemosensory Amygdala 203
IV. Evolutionary Relevance of the Chemosensory Amygdala 209
V. Conclusions and Future Directions 212
Acknowledgments 212
References 212
Chapter Eight: TRPC Channels in Pheromone Sensing 220
I. Pheromone Sensing Circuits 221
II. TRPC2 and Pheromone Sensing 222
III. TRPC Activation Mechanisms 223
IV. Perspectives: The "DAG Effect" and Beyond 230
Acknowledgments 232
References 233
Chapter Nine: Alarm Pheromones-Chemical Signaling in Response to Danger 238
I. Introduction 239
II. Alarm Pheromones in Insects 240
III. Alarm Pheromones in Marine Invertebrates 250
IV. Alarm Pheromones in Fish 251
V. Alarm Pheromones in Mammals 252
VI. Alarm Signals in Plants 253
VII. Conclusion: Potential Applications of Alarm Pheromones 254
References 255
Chapter Ten: Odorant-Binding Proteins in Insects 264
I. Introduction 264
II. Diversity of Odorant-Binding Proteins 266
III. Pheromone and Ligand Binding 273
IV. Structure Aspects 282
V. Function of OBPs 285
VI. Conclusion 287
References 288
Chapter Eleven: Drosophila CheB proteins Involved in Gustatory Detection of Pheromones Are Related to a Human Neurodegeneration F 296
I. Introduction 297
II. Drosophila CheBs Are Expressed in a Variety of Sex-Specific Subsets of Taste Hairs that May Be Specialized in Pheromone De 298
III. CheB42a Is Required for Normal Response to Female-Specific Pheromones 300
IV. CheBs Belong to the ML Superfamily of Lipid-Binding Proteins and Share Functionally Important Sequences with GM2-Activator 302
V. CheBs Likely Function as Gustatory-Specific Pheromone-Binding Proteins 304
VI. Models for the Function of CheBs in Gustatory Detection of Pheromones 306
VII. Conclusions and Future Directions 308
Acknowledgments 308
References 308
Chapter Twelve: Volatile Signals during Pregnancy 312
I. Introduction 313
II. Mother Recognition 314
III. Mother-Infant Interactions 318
IV. Chemical Profile of Volatile Compounds During Pregnancy 320
V. Conclusions and Future Directions 321
Acknowledgments 324
References 324
Chapter Thirteen: Olfactory Sensitivity: Functioning in Schizophrenia and Implications for Understanding the Nature and Progression of Psychosis 328
I. Introduction: Overview 329
II. Structural Organisation of Olfactory Function 330
III. Olfactory Identification Deficits in Schizophrenia 332
IV. Olfactory Sensitivity Through Development 333
V. Summary and Future Directions 346
Acknowledgments 347
References 347
Chapter Fourteen: Olfactory Systems in Mate Recognition and Sexual Behavior 354
I. Introduction 355
II. A Short Introduction to the Organization of the Accessory and Main Olfactory Subsystems 356
III. Both MOS and AOS Are Functionally Involved in Pheromonal Processing 359
IV. Involvement of Both Olfactory Systems in the Control of Mate Discrimination and Sexual Behavior 363
V. General Conclusions 367
Acknowledgments 368
References 368
Chapter Fifteen: Communication by Olfactory Signals in Rabbits: Its Role in Reproduction 374
I. Introduction 375
II. Communication by Chemical Signals 375
III. Other Sources of Chemical Signals 386
IV. Conclusions and Future Directions 387
Acknowledgments 390
References 390
Chapter Sixteen: Chemical Communication and Reproduction in the Gray Short-Tailed Opossum (Monodelphis domestica) 396
I. Chemical Communication and Mammalian Reproduction 397
II. Reproductive Cycles and Seasonal Breeding in Female Mammals 398
III. The Gray Short-Tailed Opossum: A Model for Pheromonal Control of Reproduction 400
IV. Olfactory Behavior Sources and Reception of Chemical Signals
V. Male Estrus-Inducing Pheromone in Opossums 407
VI. Endocrinology of Reproductive Activation 409
VII. Reproductive and Behavioral Ecology of Opossums 414
VIII. Summary and Conclusions 416
Acknowledgments 417
References 417
Chapter Seventeen: Pheromones in a Superorganism 424
I. Introduction 425
II. Physiological and Behavioral Regulation 427
III. Gene Regulation 431
IV. Social Regulation 436
V. Conclusions and Future Directions 438
Acknowledgments 441
References 441
Chapter Eighteen: Unraveling the Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide (PBAN) Signal Transduction Cascade that Regulates S 448
I. Introduction 449
II. Physiological Background 450
III. Molecular Background: Essential Components of B. mori Sex Pheromone Production 453
IV. Essential Components and Mechanisms of the B. mori PBAN Signal Transduction Cascade 458
V. Model for PBAN Signaling in B. mori 462
VI. Conclusions 463
Acknowledgments 464
References 464
Chapter Nineteen: Pheromones in Social Wasps 470
I. Introduction 471
II. Nestmate Recognition Pheromones 474
III. Queen Pheromones and Fertility/Rank Pheromones 484
IV. Sex Pheromones 486
V. Alarm Pheromones 489
VI. Trail and Substrate Marking Pheromones 494
VII. Defense Allomones 496
VIII. Future Directions 499
Acknowledgments 500
References 500
Chapter Twenty: New Pheromones and Insect Control Strategies 516
I. Introduction 517
II. Mating Disruption in Insect Control Programs 517
III. Pheromone Antagonists as Chemical Communication Inhibitors 524
IV. Use of Pheromones with Plant-Based Volatiles 527
V. Attract-and-Kill 531
VI. Push-Pull Strategies 532
VII. Conclusions and Outlook 533
Acknowledgments 533
References 534
Chapter Twenty-One: Pheromones and Exocrine Glands in Isoptera 544
I. Introduction 545
II. Pheromonal Communication 546
III. Principal Exocrine Glands: Source of Pheromones 547
IV. Frontal Gland 549
V. Mandibular Glands 553
VI. Salivary or Labial Glands 554
VII. Sternal Gland 557
VIII. Tergal Gland 561
IX. Termite Recognition Pheromones 563
X. Concluding Remarks 564
Acknowledgments 565
References 565
Chapter Twenty-Two: Aphid Pheromones 574
I. Introduction 575
II. Semiochemicals 576
III. Aphid Alarm Pheromones 577
IV. Aphid Sex Pheromone 578
V. Other Aphid Pheromones 589
VI. Conclusion 590
References 590
Chapter Twenty-Three: Recent Advances in Methyl Eugenol and Cue-Lure Technologies for Fruit Fly Detection, Monitoring, and Control in H 598
I. Introduction 599
II. Insect Pheromones and Parapheromones 600
III. Fruit Flies and Economic Importance 601
IV. Relationship Between Male Behavior and ME and C-L/RK 603
V. Technology Development and Transfer Through the Hawaii Area-Wide Pest Management Program 606
VI. Environmental Impact of ME and C-L/RK 610
VII. Conclusions and Future Applications 612
Acknowledgments 612
References 613
Chapter Twenty-Four: Oviposition Pheromones in Haematophagous Insects 620
I. Introduction 621
II. Origin of Oviposition Pheromones 622
III. Habitat Associated Kairomones 626
IV. Microbial Volatiles Eliciting Oviposition 627
V. Parapheromones Mediating Oviposition 628
VI. Predator/Prey Released Kairomones 630
VII. Oviposition Cues of Blood Feeding Bugs 631
VIII. Oviposition Cues of Veterinary Insects 633
IX. Synthesis of Oviposition Pheromones 634
X. Evaluation of Oviposition Pheromones 635
XI. Oviposition Traps and Baits for Monitoring and Control 639
XII. Concluding Remarks 642
Acknowledgments 643
References 643
Index 654
Colour Plate 666