The Rights of Women in Comparative Constitutional Law

Irene Spigno is General Director of the Inter-American Academy of Human Rights of the Autonomous University of Coahuila (Mexico) and Director of its Centre for Comparative Constitutional Studies. She holds a Ph.D. in Comparative Constitutional Law from the University of Siena in Italy and is Full Professor of Comparative Constitutional Law at the Autonomous University of Coahuila (Mexico). Among her research interests are freedom of expression and hate speech, constitutional justice andmulticulturalism in comparative perspective. She co-chairs the research group on ‘Gender and Constitution’ of the International Association of Constitutional Law (IACL). Valentina Rita Scotti is Associate Professor of Comparative Public Law at the European Law and Governance School of the European Public Law Organization in Athens. She holds a Ph.D. in Comparative Public Law from the University of Siena in Italy. Among her research interests are constitutionalism and human rights (including gender and constitutionalism), constitutional cross-fertilization and parliamentary cooperation. She co-chairs the research group on ‘Gender and Constitution’ of the International Association of Constitutional Law (IACL). Janaína Lima Penalva da Silva is Associate Professor at the Law School of the University of Brasília and Coordinator of its Center of Studies of Inequality and Discrimination. She has aM.Sc. in Bioethics and Law from the University of Barcelona. She lectures in Constitutional Law and Feminist Theory. She is a Scientific Researcher of the Law School of the University of Torino and the Scientific Supervisor of Bloco A (a sexual and reproductive rights NGO). She also co-chairs the research group on ‘Gender and Constitution’ of the International Association of Constitutional Law (IACL).

Introduction. Women’s Rights and Gender Equality in the Twenty-First Century: A Relevant Comparative Constitutional Issue. Part I – Women’s Rights in European Constitutions. 1 Gender Equality in the Republic of Croatia: Two Steps Forwards, One Step Back. 2 From Equality to the Failed "Legislative Breach of Gender" in Germany. 3 Gender Equality and Constitutional Interpretation: Hungary. 4 The Protection of Women’s Rights in Italy: A Constant "Dialogue" Between the Legislator and Constitutional Judges. 5 Rise and Fall of Gender Equality in Poland. 6 Spain, an Ongoing Transition Towards Gender Equality. Part II – Women’s Rights in American Constitutions. 7 The Legal Development of the Pursuit of Gender Equality in Argentina. 8 Feminism for a Future of Brazilian Constitutionalism. 9 Gender Equality and Women's Rights in Mexico: From a "Gendered Constitutional and Legislative Framework" to "Pandemic" Violence against Women. 10 Gender Equality and Women's Rights in the US Constitutional Framework: A Stalled Past and an Uncertain Future. Part III – Women’s Rights in African and Asian Constitutions. 11 Gender Equality in Ethiopia: The Interaction of Secular, Religious, and Customary Law. 12 Onnazaka: The "Women's Slope" Towards Gender Equality in Japan. 13 Women’s Rights in the Constitutional Framework of Kyrgyzstan. Conclusions. Are Women’s Rights a Reality in the Twenty-First-Century Comparative Constitutional Law? Some Final Remarks.