Nanophysics, Nanomaterials, Interface Studies, and Applications (eBook)

Preface 6
Part I: Nanoscale Physics 6
Part II: Nano-optics and Photonics 7
Part III: Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces 8
Part IV: Nanochemistry and Biotechnology 8
Part V: Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials 9
Contents 11
Contributors 18
Part I Nanoscale Physics 32
1 Numerical Solution of One-Dimensional Stationary Schrödinger Equation in the Frequency Domain 33
1.1 Introduction 33
1.2 Numerical Method for Solving of One-Dimensional Stationary Schrödinger Equation in the Frequency Domain 35
1.3 Examples of Numerical Solution of the Schrödinger Equation with One Potential Well 37
1.4 Numerical Simulation of the One-Dimensional Crystal 42
1.5 Numerical Simulation of the Quantum Multilayer Structure 43
1.6 Conclusions 45
References 46
2 Effects of Ultrasonic Synthesis Variable on Basic Properties of 180209Fe2O4 Nanoparticles 48
2.1 Introduction 48
2.2 Methodology of the Experiment 49
2.3 Results and Discussion 50
2.4 Conclusion 55
References 56
3 Structural and Dynamical Properties of Argon-Krypton Binary Mixture Confined Between Graphite Slabs: Molecular Dynamics Simulation 58
3.1 Introduction 58
3.2 Simulation Details 59
3.3 General Relations 60
3.4 Results 61
3.5 Conclusions 65
References 71
4 Properties of Cholesterol-Fullerene Binary Cluster:MD Simulations 74
4.1 Introduction 74
4.2 Simulation Details 75
4.3 Results 75
4.4 Conclusions 79
References 79
5 Thermogravimetric Study of Nano-SnO2 Precursors 81
5.1 Introduction 81
5.2 Precursor Preparation and Research Methods 82
5.3 Experimental Results and Discussion 83
5.4 Conclusions 88
References 88
6 Modeling Problems of Spin Crossover Nanocrystals 90
6.1 Introduction 90
6.2 Thermodynamic Consideration 93
6.3 Microscopic Approach 95
6.4 The Specific Phenomenological Model 99
6.5 Conclusion 102
References 103
7 Characterization of Pet Track Membrane Parameters 105
7.1 Introduction 105
7.2 Methods 106
7.3 Results and Discussion 107
7.4 Conclusion 114
References 115
8 Current Spin-Orbit-Induced Microwave Magnetic Dynamics in Layered Nanostructures 118
8.1 Introduction 118
8.2 Spin and Charge Currents in Magnetic Nanostructures with Normal Heavy Metal Sublayers 120
8.3 Robustness of Ferromagnetic Dynamics 121
8.4 Spin Currents in Antiferromagnetic Nanostructures 124
8.5 Dynamic Feedback in Antiferromagnetic/Spin Hall Structures 128
8.6 Spin Hall Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Nanostructures 132
References 136
9 Localization of Orbitals and Electronic Properties in Nanodiamonds with Color Centers: Semiempirical Models 139
9.1 Introduction 139
9.2 Models and Computational Details 140
9.3 Main Localization Indices 141
9.4 Orbital Localization 142
9.5 Localization of Excited States 144
9.6 Natural Hole and Particle Orbitals 145
9.7 Triplet-Singlet Excitations 147
9.8 Spin Properties 149
9.9 Conclusion 150
References 151
10 Excitonic Quasimolecules in Nanoheterosystems Containing Semiconductor and Dielectric Quantum Dots 154
10.1 Introduction 154
10.2 Binding Energy of Singlet Ground State of Excitonic Quasimolecule 156
10.3 Conclusion 166
References 166
11 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Formation Processes of Zinc Oxide Nanoclusters in Oxygen Environment 168
11.1 Introduction 168
11.2 Model and Method 170
11.3 Results and Discussion 172
11.4 Conclusions 179
References 179
12 Microwave Phase-Locking of Weakly Coupled Spin-Torque Nano-Oscillators: The Case of Global Coupling 180
12.1 Introduction 180
12.2 Basic Physics of an STNO 181
12.3 Basic Physics of STNO Synchronization 184
12.3.1 Basic Equations 184
12.3.2 Power–Phase Model 185
12.3.3 Phase Model 187
12.4 Numerical Simulation of STNOs Synchronization 187
12.4.1 Two STNOs 189
12.4.2 Three STNOs 190
12.4.3 Many STNOs 192
12.5 Conclusions 193
References 194
13 Temperature Effect on the Basis States for Charge Transfer Through a Polypeptide Fragments of Proteins and on the Nanocurrent in It 197
13.1 Introduction 197
13.2 Materials and Methods 198
13.3 Results and Discussion 200
13.3.1 The Effect of Temperature on the Energy Positions of the Conduction States of the Polypeptide Fragments of Protein Molecules 200
13.3.2 Current Absence in the Absence of External Fields at Any Temperature 206
13.4 Conclusions 207
References 207
14 About Possible Mechanisms of Nanoconductivity in Polyenes Polymers: The Charge Solitons at ExtremelyWeak External Fields 209
14.1 Introduction 209
14.2 Description of the Geometry 210
14.3 Work Statement 212
14.4 Work System of Equations and Analysis of Its Solution 217
14.5 Solution and Its Analysis 220
14.6 Maximally Feeble Fields: Soliton Solution 223
14.7 Conclusions 226
References 226
15 Complex Flows of Immiscible Microfluids and Nanofluids with Velocity Slip Boundary Conditions 228
15.1 Introduction 228
15.2 Problem Formulations with Slip Boundary Conditions 230
15.3 Analytical Solutions for the Classical Poiseuille and Couette Laminar Flows with Second-Order Velocity Slip Boundary Conditions 235
15.3.1 Couette Flow Between the Parallel Plates 235
15.3.2 Couette Flow Between Coaxial Rotating Cylinders 236
15.3.3 Laminar Flow in an Inclined Duct 238
15.3.4 Poiseuille Flow Between the Parallel Plates 239
15.3.5 Poiseuille Flow in the Circular Tubes 240
15.3.6 Poiseuille Flow in the Tubes of Elliptic Cross Section 241
15.3.7 Poiseuille Flow Between Two Coaxial Circular Tubes 241
15.4 Layered Laminar Flow of Immiscible Micro-/Nanofluids Between Moving Plates 242
15.5 Results and Discussions 244
15.6 Conclusions 247
References 247
Part II Nanooptics and Photonics 250
16 Optimization of the Parameters of DigitalHolographic Microscope 251
16.1 Introduction 251
16.2 Theoretical Description of DHI Method 253
16.2.1 Apparatus Part of DHI 253
16.2.2 Recording Schemes 254
16.2.3 Mathematical Description of DHI Method 255
16.2.4 Elimination of the Zero Order 256
16.2.5 Filtration of Digital Interferogram 257
16.2.6 Phase Unwrapping 258
16.3 Results and Discussion 258
16.3.1 Example of the Zero-Order Elimination 258
16.3.2 Example of Filtration in Frequency Domain 259
16.3.3 Drawback of the Filtration Method 262
16.4 Conclusion 264
References 266
17 Computer Simulation of Collision-Induced Absorption Spectra of Confined Argon-Xenon Mixture 268
17.1 Introduction 268
17.2 Simulation Protocol 269
17.3 General Relations 270
17.4 Results 271
17.5 Conclusions 279
References 279
18 Electromagnetic Modes Inside the Island Kind 2D Photonic Crystal Resonator 282
18.1 Introduction 282
18.2 SWE Theory for Electromagnetic Field in a Finite 2D Photonic Crystal 284
18.3 Mode Energy Angular Diagram for an Island Resonator 288
18.4 Mode Energy Distribution Throughout the Island Resonator 290
18.5 Summary 291
References 292
19 Dynamic Light Scattering with Nanoparticles: Setup and Preliminary Results 294
19.1 Experimental Method and DLS Setup 294
19.2 DLS Setup Calibration with Gold and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles 296
19.3 Study of Aqueous Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate 297
19.4 First ACF of the Single Droplet 299
19.5 Conclusions 300
References 300
20 Application of Nanofilled Polymer Coatings for Increasing Radiation Resistance of Solar Cells 302
20.1 Introduction 302
20.2 Experimental 303
20.3 Experimental Results and Discussion 304
20.4 Conclusions 310
References 311
21 Two-Dimensional Periodic Structures Recorded in Nanocomposites by Holographic Method: Features of Formation, Applications 312
21.1 Introduction 312
21.2 Experimental Technique 313
21.2.1 Materials 313
21.2.2 System Design 314
21.3 Simulation of a Pattern Profile 316
21.4 Results and Discussion 316
21.5 DFB Laser Based on 2D Volume Structure 319
21.6 Conclusions 321
References 322
22 Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Properties, and Perspective Applications 324
22.1 Introduction 324
22.2 Synthesis Methods of Spinel Ferrites 325
22.2.1 Microemulsion Method 325
22.2.2 Ultrasonic (Sonochemical) Method 326
22.2.3 Non-hydrolytic Method 326
22.2.4 Solvothermal Method 326
22.2.5 Coprecipitation Method 327
22.2.6 Sol–gel Method 327
22.2.7 Microwave-Assisted Method 327
22.2.8 Mechanical Milling Method 328
22.2.9 Other Methods 328
22.3 Crystal Structure and Properties of Spinel Ferrites 328
22.4 Applications 336
22.4.1 Biomedical 337
22.4.2 Sensors and Biosensors 337
22.4.3 High-Frequency Components 338
22.4.4 LTCC Devices 338
22.4.5 Supercapacitors 339
22.4.6 Microwave Absorption 339
22.4.7 Photocatalytic Activity 339
22.5 Conclusions 340
References 340
23 Study of MAX Phase-Based Compacts Obtained by Shock-Wave Loading Method 345
23.1 Introduction 345
23.2 Methodology of the Experiments 346
23.3 Experimental Data and Discussion of the Results 347
23.4 Conclusion 350
References 350
24 Standard Si Photovoltaic Devices Improved by ZnO Film Obtained by Pulsed Laser Deposition 352
Abbreviations 352
24.1 Introduction 353
24.2 Experimental 354
24.3 Results 356
24.3.1 Morphology 356
24.3.2 Current-Voltage Characteristics 358
24.3.3 Maximal Powers and Efficiency 360
24.4 Conclusion 360
References 361
25 Influence of Growth Condition and Thermal Treatment of Thin Copper Oxide Films Obtained by Magnetron Sputtering on Their Transmission Spectra 363
25.1 Introduction 363
25.2 Experimental Setup 364
25.3 Results 364
25.4 Conclusion 368
References 368
Part III Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces 369
26 Structural, Catalytic, and Thermal Properties of Stainless Steel with Nanoscale Metal Surface Layer 370
26.1 Introduction 370
26.2 The Experimental Part 371
26.3 Results and Discussion 372
26.4 Conclusions 378
Literature 378
27 Thermal Effects at Nano-sized Pattern Formationin Surface Layers 380
27.1 Introduction 380
27.2 Generalized Model for Patterning 381
27.3 Adsorptive Layer Temperature Variations at Vapor Deposition 382
27.4 Temperature Effects at Point Defects Patterning 390
27.5 Conclusions 395
References 396
28 The Effect of the Fermi Velocity on the Conductivity of the Graphene-Superconductive Graphene Junction 398
28.1 Introduction 398
28.2 Model and Formulae 399
28.3 Results and Discussion 402
28.4 Conclusions 406
References 408
29 On the Possibility of Carbon Atoms' Drift to the Surface of a FCC Iron Nanocluster Through Tetrahedral Interstice 409
List of Abbreviations 409
29.1 Introduction 409
29.2 Method 410
29.3 Result and Discussion 412
29.3.1 The Case of One Ni Atom 412
29.3.2 The Case of Two Ni Atoms 415
29.4 Conclusions 415
References 418
30 Nanostructuring Surfaces of HgCdTe by Ion Bombardment 419
30.1 Introduction 419
30.2 Experiment 420
30.2.1 Materials 420
30.2.2 Ion Beam Processing of HgCdTe 421
30.2.3 Material Characterization 422
30.3 Results and Discussions 422
30.3.1 Surface Topometry Investigation 422
30.3.2 Subsurface Region Investigation 424
30.3.3 XRD Investigation 425
30.3.4 MCT Nanostructuring Mechanism Discussion 426
30.4 Conclusions 428
References 429
31 The Plasmon-Polariton Mirroring Due to Strong Fluctuations of the Surface Impedance 431
31.1 Introduction 431
31.2 Problem Statement 433
31.3 General Solution for the Scattered Field 435
31.4 Weak Inter-mode Scattering 438
31.5 Strong Mixing of Scattered Modes 439
31.6 Discussion 441
References 443
32 Influence of Solution pH on the Nanostructure of Adsorption Layer of Selected Ionic Polyamino Acids and Their Copolymers at the Solid-Liquid Interface 444
32.1 Introduction 444
32.2 Materials 446
32.3 Experimental Methods 447
32.3.1 Stability Tests 447
32.3.2 Potentiometric Titration 447
32.3.3 Electrokinetic Potential Measurements 448
32.3.4 Adsorption Measurements 448
32.4 Results and Discussion 449
References 456
33 Grain Size Effect on Crystal Microstructure of the Nanoparticle TbMnO3 Manganite 458
33.1 Introduction 458
33.2 Experiment and Results 460
33.3 Discussion 467
References 468
34 Influence of Annealing in Vacuum on Dispersion Kinetics of Palladium and Platinum Nanofilms Deposited onto Oxide Materials 470
34.1 Introduction 470
34.2 Materials and Experimental Methods 471
34.3 Results and Discussion 472
34.4 Conclusions 479
References 479
35 Nematic Twist-Bend Phases of Liquid Crystals 481
35.1 Introduction 481
35.2 Model 483
35.3 Summary 487
References 487
36 Influence of Free Volumes on Functional Properties of Modified Chalcogenide Glasses and Oxide Ceramics 490
36.1 Introduction 490
36.2 Preparation of Glasses and Ceramics 491
36.3 Experimental Details 492
36.4 Results and Discussion 493
36.4.1 The Ge-Ga-Se Glasses Modified by Crystallization Process 493
36.4.2 The Ge-Ga-S Glasses Modified by CsCl Additives 495
36.4.3 The Cu0.1Ni0.8Co0.2Mn1.9O4 Ceramics Modified by NiO Phase 497
36.4.4 Water Vapor Sorption Processes in the MgO-Al2O3 Ceramics 499
36.5 Conclusions 501
References 501
Part IV Nanochemistry and Biotechnology 505
37 Preparation of Nanocellulose from Organosolv Straw Pulp Using Acid Hydrolysis and Ultrasound 506
37.1 Background 506
37.2 Methods 507
37.3 Results and Discussion 508
37.4 Conclusions 512
References 513
38 Nanoscale Oxide PEO Coatings Forming from Diphosphate Electrolytes 515
38.1 Experimental 517
38.1.1 Aluminum Alloy 519
38.1.2 Titanium Alloy 530
References 537
39 Gold Nanoparticle/Polymer/Enzyme Nanocomposite for the Development of Adenosine Triphosphate Biosensor 540
39.1 Introduction 540
39.2 Experimental 542
39.2.1 Materials 542
39.2.2 Design of Amperometric Transducers 543
39.2.3 Immobilization Procedures 543
39.2.3.1 Immobilization via GA Cross-Linking in the Presence of BSA 543
39.2.3.2 Immobilization in Cross-Linked PVA-SbQ Matrix 543
39.2.3.3 Immobilization in Cross-Linked PVA/PEI Matrix 544
39.2.4 Working Conditions 545
39.3 Results and Discussion 545
39.3.1 The Principle of Biosensor Operation 545
39.3.2 Optimization of GOx and HEX Concentrations and GOx/HEX Ratio 546
39.3.3 Effect of Immobilization Procedure on the Analytical Characteristics of the Biosensor 547
39.3.4 Effect of GNPs on Analytical Characteristics of the Biosensors 548
39.4 Conclusions 550
References 551
40 Novel Ferromagnetic Iron-Based Nanocomposite Powders with High Magnetic Characteristics 553
40.1 Introduction 553
40.2 Materials and Methods 554
40.3 Results and Discussion 555
References 562
41 Electrochemical Formation of Multilayer Metal and Metal Oxide Coatings in Complex Electrolytes 563
41.1 Introduction 563
41.2 Experimental 564
41.2.1 Methods of Coating Deposition 564
41.2.2 Methods of the Electrode Processes Study 566
41.2.3 Methods of Determining the Coating Properties 566
41.3 Experimental Results and Discussion 567
41.3.1 Kinetic Regularities of Copper and Nickel Deposition from Polyligand Electrolyte 567
41.3.2 Study of the Multilayer Metal Cu/(Ni–Cu) Coating Properties 571
41.3.3 The Oxidation of Methanol on the Electrode with a Multilayer Nickel-Copper Metal Oxide Coating in KOH Solution 573
41.4 Conclusions 576
References 576
42 Development of a New Biosensor by Adsorption of Creatinine Deiminase on Monolayers of Micro- and Nanoscale Zeolites 579
42.1 Introduction 579
42.2 Experimental 580
42.2.1 Materials 580
42.2.2 Potentiometric Transducers 581
42.2.3 Synthesis of Zeolite Particles and Their Characteristics 582
42.2.3.1 Synthesis of Silicalite 582
42.2.3.2 Synthesis of Zeolite BEA 583
42.2.3.3 Synthesis of Nano-BEA 583
42.2.3.4 Synthesis of BEA-Gold and BEA-Au3+ 583
42.2.3.5 Characteristics of Synthesized Zeolites 583
42.2.4 Modification of pH-FET Surface with Monolayers of Zeolites 584
42.2.5 Creatinine Deiminase Adsorption on Surface of Transducers, Modified with Various Zeolites 584
42.2.6 Immobilization of Creatinine Deiminase in Glutaraldehyde Vapors 585
42.2.7 Measurement Procedure 585
42.3 Results and Discussion 585
42.4 Conclusions 589
References 589
43 Nanostructured Dextran-Graft-Polyacrylamide Flocculants: Effect of Internal Molecular Structure on Flocculative Efficiency 591
43.1 Introduction 591
43.2 Experimental Setup 592
43.2.1 Materials 592
43.2.2 Methods 592
43.2.2.1 Self-exclusion Chromatography 592
43.2.2.2 Potentiometry 593
43.2.2.3 Flocculation Ability Test 593
43.2.2.4 Test for Heavy Ion Removal from [Kaolin Dispersion/Polymer/ 1752002+] Systems 593
43.3 Results and Discussion 593
43.4 Conclusions 598
References 599
44 Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Dynamics of Small Cholesterol Systems 600
44.1 Introduction 600
44.2 Simulation Details 601
44.3 Results and Discussion 601
44.4 Conclusions 604
References 605
45 Quantum Chemical Study of Water Molecule Adsorption on the Nitrogen-Doped Titania Thin Films 607
45.1 Introduction 607
45.2 Experimental 608
45.3 Results and Discussion 609
45.4 Conclusions 612
References 612
46 Effect of Chemical Vapor Deposition on the Morphology of the Nanocomposite Layer in the Complex Method 614
46.1 Introduction 614
46.2 Materials and Methods 615
46.3 Discussion 615
46.4 Conclusions 623
References 624
47 Effect of Water Vapor Amount in Hydrogenous Atmospheres on Reducing Ability of the YSZ –NiO Fuel Cell Anode Material 626
47.1 Introduction 626
47.2 Material and Methods 627
47.3 Results and Discussion 628
47.4 Conclusions 631
References 631
48 Sol-gel Synthesis and Conductivity NaLn9(SiO4)6O2 633
48.1 Introduction 633
48.2 Experimental Setup 634
48.3 Results 635
48.4 Conclusions 638
References 639
Part V Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials 640
49 Structure, Morphology, and Properties of Copper-Containing Polymer Nanocomposites 641
49.1 Introduction 641
49.2 Experimental 642
49.3 Structure and Thermomechanical Properties of Nanocomposites, Obtained by the Chemical Reduction of Copper Ions in the Interpolyelectrolyte–Metal Complexes 644
49.4 Structure Peculiarities and Thermomechanical Properties of Nanocomposites, Prepared by the Thermal Reduction of Copper Ions in the Interpolyelectrolyte–Metal Complexes 651
49.5 Antimicrobial Properties of Nanocomposites, Elaborated Involving Chemical and Thermal Reduction of Copper Ions in the Interpolyelectrolyte–Metal Complexes 656
References 657
50 Nanocomposites on the Base of Synthetic Opals and Nanocrystalline Phases of Bi-containing Active Dielectrics 660
50.1 Introduction 660
50.2 Properties of Initial Active Dielectric Crystals 661
50.3 Fabrication and Characterisation of Nanocomposites 662
50.3.1 Structural Parameters of Bare Synthetic Opals 662
50.3.2 Embedding of Active Dielectrics in Opal Pores and Experimental Technique 662
50.3.3 Characterisation of Nanocomposites 663
50.4 Raman Spectra of Nanocomposites 664
50.4.1 Opal–Bi12SiO20 664
50.4.2 Opal–Bi2TeO5 666
50.4.3 Opal–NaBi(MoO4)2 668
50.4.4 Raman Spectra at Different Points of the Sample Surface 670
50.5 Conclusions 670
References 671
51 Organic-Inorganic Materials for Baromembrane Separation 674
51.1 Improvement of Antifouling Stability of Polymer Membranes 674
51.2 Modification of Polymer Membrane 675
51.3 Membrane Test 676
51.4 Structure of the Polymer and Organic-Inorganic Membranes: Location of the Modifier Particles 676
51.5 Filtration of Liquids 679
51.6 Intraporous Active Layer of Inorganic Particles 680
51.7 Modeling of Fouling 681
51.8 Conclusions 682
References 683
52 Chemico-metallurgical Method for Obtaining Tungsten-Based Nanopowders 686
52.1 Introduction 686
52.2 Materials and Methods 687
52.3 Results and Discussion 687
References 690
53 Nanoporous Thin Film VNx Hydrogen Absorbents: Method of Production, Structure Formation Mechanism, and Properties 692
53.1 Introduction 692
53.2 Experimental Procedure 694
53.3 The Results of the Experiments 694
53.3.1 The Initial Stage of Film Formation 694
53.3.2 The Structure of Already Formed VNx Films of 1.5 m Thickness 697
53.4 Results and Discussion 698
53.5 Conclusion 701
References 701
54 Magnetic Nanocomposite Sorbents on Mineral Base 703
54.1 General 703
54.1.1 Introduction 703
54.1.2 Materials and Methods 704
54.2 Experimental 705
54.2.1 Chemical Analysis 705
54.2.2 X-ray Analysis 705
54.2.3 Microscopy 710
54.2.4 Magnetic Characteristics 711
54.2.5 Magnetic Separation 715
54.3 Conclusions 716
References 716
55 Measurements of Electrical Conductance in Nanostructures and Their Use in Nanotechnology 718
55.1 Introduction 718
55.2 Theory of Conductance Quantization 719
55.3 Measurements of Electrical Conductance 722
55.4 Estimation of Geometrical Dimensions of a Nanostructure by Electrical Measurements 724
55.5 Conclusions 725
References 725
56 Nano-particulate Structures with Glucose-Derived Char and Compacted Fumed Silica in Gaseous and Aqueous Media 726
56.1 Introduction 726
56.2 Materials and Methods 727
56.2.1 Materials 727
56.2.2 Characterization Methods 727
56.3 Results and Discussion 728
56.4 Conclusion 738
References 738
57 Nano- and Microdisperse Structures in Processes of Metamorphism, Reduction Sintering, and Component Separation of Iron-Oxide-Silicate Materials 740
57.1 Introduction 740
57.2 Methods and Materials 741
57.3 Experiment and Discussion 741
57.4 Conclusions 750
References 751
58 The Electron Radiation Effect on Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Nanocomposites with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes 753
58.1 Introduction 753
58.2 Experimental Studies 754
58.3 Results and Discussion 755
58.4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 764
References 765
59 Peculiarities of Charge Transfer in Graphite Intercalation Compounds with Bromine and Iodine Chloride 767
59.1 Introduction 767
59.2 Experimental Setup 769
59.2.1 Preparation and Characterization of GIC Specimens 769
59.2.2 Characterization Methods 771
59.3 Results and Discussion 771
59.3.1 Resistivity of GICs with Bromine and Iodine Chloride 771
59.3.2 Effect of Thermopower GICs with Bromine and Iodine Chloride 777
59.3.3 Hall Effect in GICs with Bromine and Iodine Chloride 778
59.3.4 Discussion 780
59.4 Conclusion 781
References 782
60 Computer Simulations of the Dynamics of Cholesterol Molecules Located Between Graphene Sheets 784
60.1 Introduction 784
60.2 Simulation Details 785
60.3 Results 785
60.4 Conclusions 791
References 791
61 Structure Features, Strength, and Microhardness of Nanocomposites Obtained from Fe, Cu, and Carbon Nanotubes 793
61.1 Introduction 793
61.2 Methods 795
61.3 Results and Discussion 797
References 805
62 Influence of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Magnetic Properties of Magneto-Mechanochemically Synthesized Antitumor Nanocomplex 807
62.1 Introduction 807
62.2 Materials and Methods 809
62.2.1 Magneto-Mechanochemical Synthesis 809
62.2.2 Magnetic Studies 810
62.2.3 Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Spectroscopy 810
62.3 Experimental Results 810
62.3.1 Magnetic Studies and ESR Spectroscopy of Iron Oxide NP 810
62.3.2 Magnetic Studies and ESR Spectroscopy of Magnetic Nanocomplex 812
62.4 Discussion 814
62.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 819
References 819
63 Continuum Modeling of Nanoelements 821
63.1 Introduction 821
63.2 Balance, Kinetic, and State Equations 822
63.3 Linearized Model and Key Systems of Equations 824
63.4 The Size Effects in One-Dimensional Problems 826
63.5 Conclusions 829
References 830
64 The Electrochromic Feedback Methods for Obtaining Nanoparticles, Nanoalloys and Core-Shell Objects in Quasi-reversible Redox Systems 831
64.1 Introduction 831
64.2 Materials and Experimental Methods 832
64.3 Result and Discussion 832
64.4 Conclusions 836
References 836
65 Semiconducting and Optical Properties of Compact Graphene-Like Nanoparticles of Molybdenum Disulfide 838
65.1 Introduction 838
65.2 Experimental Procedure 839
65.3 Results and Discussion 840
65.4 Conclusions 845
References 846
66 Dielectric Properties of Nanocarbon Polymer Composites with Binary Filler 848
66.1 Introduction 848
66.2 Materials and Experimental Details 851
66.3 Experimental Details 853
66.3.1 Measurements 853
66.3.2 Microwave Shielding Properties 853
66.4 Results and Discussion 854
66.4.1 Dielectric Properties 854
66.4.2 The Influence of the Type and Concentration of Nanocarbon Filler on Shielding Characteristics of Nanocarbon–Epoxy Composites 857
66.4.3 Wave-Absorbing Properties 859
66.5 Conclusions 861
References 862
Index 865