In Vitro Methods in Toxicology

Part 1 General aspects of in vitro testing: development of in vitro toxicology, G.Zbinden; in vitro strategy for the safety assessment of drugs, A.Cordier; in vitro toxicology - an alternative to animal testing in safety evaluation?, A.Paine. Part 2 Target organ toxicity - general aspects: an in vitro approach to the study of target organ toxicity, D.Acosta. Nephrotoxicity - in vitro techniques for nephrotoxicity screening, studying mechanisms of renal injury and novel discoveries about toxic nephropathies, P.Bach; renal proximal tubular cell culture characterization and use in nephrotoxicology, H.Toutain. Hepatotoxicity - in vitro approaches to hepatotoxicity studies, A.Guillouzo; primary culture of hepatocytes in the investigation of drug-induced steatosis, M.A.Ivanov; isolated rat hepatocyte couplets - a model for the study of bile secretion and cholestasis, J.Boyer; liver slices for the in vitro determination of hepatoxicity, F.Goethals. Neurotoxicity - in vitro systems for the determination of neurotoxicity - validation studies with aluminium and ECMA, C.Atterweill; biochemical approaches to neurotoxicology in vitro - attempts to develop a test system for chemically induce axonopathy, E.Walum; neuron and glia interrelationships in development neurotoxicology in vitro, A.Vernadakis. Cardiotoxicity - single heart cells as models for studying cardiac toxicology, G.Bkaily; primary cultures of rat cardiac myocytes as tools in assessing drug-induced cardiotoxicity, R.Ulrich. Oculo and ototoxicity - oculotoxicity in vitro, A.Bruinink; drug ototoxicity tested on inner ear sensory hair cells in vitro, D.Dulon. Part 3 Reproductive toxicity and carcinogenesis - reproductive toxicity: testicular cell culture as a model system for male reproduction - hormone action and toxicity testing, J.Mather; Leydig cell cultures in the prediction of testicular toxicity, H.Brun; whole embryo culture, D.Brun; micromass limb bud cell cultures - a model for the study and detection of teratogens, J.Y.Renault; chemical modulation of gap junctional intercellular communication in vitro - an in vitro biomarker of epigenetic toxicology, J.E.Trosko; role of intercellular communication in carcinogenesis and tumor suppression, H.Yamasaki; current status of cell transformation assays for the in vitro detection of carcinogens, V.Dunkel. Part 4 Present status of in vitro toxicity: the validation and acceptance of in vitro toxicity tests, M.Balls; scientific perspectives on the role of in vitro testing in chemcial safety evaluation, J.Frazier; perspectives for in vitro toxicology in the regulatory requirements related to safety evaluation, J.R.Claude; industry's needs for in vitro toxicology - a personal view, J.Purchase; the present position of in vitro testing, European development, T.Smyrniotis; the position of academic and government funded research on in vitro testing, G.Mahouy; general discussion.