Gamma-Ray Lasers (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Gamma-Ray Lasers 2
Copyright Page 3
Table of Contents 4
Preface 6
CHAPTER 1. SPECTROMETRY FOR SPIN AND SHAPE ISOMER IDENTIFICATION 8
Abstract 8
1. INTRODUCTION 8
2. ISOMERISM 10
3. NUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPY 10
4. SHAPE ISOMERS 14
5. GAMMA-RAY DECAY OF SHAPE ISOMERS 15
6. POSSIBLE EXPERIMENTS TO IDENTIFY GAMMA-RAY DECAY OF OTHER SHAPE ISOMERS 16
7. SHAPE ISOMERS OUTSIDE THE ACTINIDE REGION 17
8. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES AND CONSIDERATIONS 18
9. CONCLUSION 20
REFERENCES 21
CHAPTER 2. STATUS OF CURRENT NUCLEAR STRUCTURE DATA BASES FOR GAMMA-RAY LASER APPLICATIONS 22
Abstract 22
1. INTRODUCTION 22
2. METHOD 22
3. RESULTS 23
4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 32
REFERENCES 33
CHAPTER 3. COMPILATION OF LOW-ENERGY GAMMA RAYS 34
Abstract 34
INTRODUCTION 34
THE COMPILATION 34
EXPLANATION OF TABLES 36
SUMMARY 37
REFERENCES 37
CHAPTER 4. SUPERLATTICE GEOMETRY FOR GAMMA-RAY LASERS 56
Abstract 56
INTRODUCTION 56
THE SUPERLATTICE CONCEPT 57
HEAT TRANSFER 59
COMMENTS 61
REFERENCES 61
CHAPTER 5. PERFECT CRYSTAL GRASERS 64
Abstract 64
1. INTRODUCTION 64
2. PULSED GRASER 64
3. PERFECT CRYSTAL GRASER 65
4. DISCUSSION 68
REFERENCES 69
APPENDIX 70
CHAPTER 6. SYMMETRY APPROACH TO COHERENCE IN SPONTANEOUS NUCLEAR DECAY 72
Abstract 72
1. INTRODUCTION 72
2. THE THEORY AT SHORT WAVELENGTHS 72
3. SYMMETRY APPROACH TO DECAY CHARACTERISTICS 74
4. MULTILEVEL SYSTEMS 76
5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 77
REFERENCES 77
CHAPTER 7. LASER COUPLING TO NUCLEI VIA COLLECTIVE ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS—A SIMPLE HEURISTIC MODEL STUDY 78
Abstract 78
1. INTRODUCTION 78
2. AN ELLIPSOIDAL MODEL 79
3. IRREGULAR ELECTRONIC MULTIPOLE 79
REFERENCES 83
CHAPTER 8. THEOREM RELATING SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL HARMONICS FOR NUCLEAR INTERLEVEL TRANSFER DRIVEN BY COLLECTIVE ELECTRONIC OSCILLATION 84
Abstract 84
1. INTRODUCTION 84
2. COLLECTIVE OSCILLATION 84
3. PROPOSED INTERLEVEL TRANSFER EXPERIMENT 86
REFERENCES 86
CHAPTER 9. NUCLEAR EXCITATION VIA THE MOTION OF ELECTRONS IN A STRONG LASER FIELD 88
Abstract 88
1. INTRODUCTION 88
2. MODEL 89
3. RESULTS 91
4. APPLICATION TO THE POPULATION OF THE 75 eV ISOMER OF 235U 97
5. APPLICATION TO THE TRANSFER FROM THE STORAGE LEVEL TO THE LASING STATE 98
6. CONCLUSIONS 99
REFERENCES 99
APPENDIX 100
CHAPTER 10. GRASER WITH RECOIL 106
Abstract 106
INTRODUCTION 106
VELOCITY ZERO 106
VELOCITY c 108
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 109
REFERENCES 110
CHAPTER 11. AN EXAMINATION OF THE PUMPING REQUIREMENTS FOR MULTIPHOTON DEEXCITATIONS OF ISOMERIC LEVELS 112
Abstract 112
1. INTRODUCTION 112
2. COMPARISON OF ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSITIONS 113
3. MULTIPHOTON EFFECTS ON ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR SYSTEMS 115
4. HEATING DURING UP-CONVERSION 119
5. CONCLUSIONS 120
REFERENCES 120
CHAPTER 12. AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE POSSIBILITY OF LASING DIRECTLY FROM AN ISOMERIC LEVEL 122
Abstract 122
1. INTRODUCTION 122
2. NUCLEAR AND SOLID STATE REQUIREMENTS FOR LASING 123
3. ISOMERIC LEVELS AND INHOMOGENEOUS BROADENING 124
4. MODIFICATION OF NUCLEAR AND SOLID-STATE PARAMETERS APPEARING IN THE THRESHOLD CONDITION 126
5. . -RAY LASER CONCEPT 126
6. LASING CHARACTERISTICS FOR SELECTED ISOMERS 127
7. CONCLUSIONS 131
REFERENCES 132
CHAPTER 13. SOME MÔSSBAUER EFFECT CONSIDERATIONS IN GAMMA-RAY LASER DEVELOPMENT 134
Abstract 134
1. INTRODUCTION 134
2. PROPOSED EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES 136
3. PRELIMINARY RESULTS ON 109Ag USING GAMMA-RAY SELF ABSORPTION 137
4. FUTURE RELEVANT MÔSSBAUER EFFECT RESEARCH AND CONCLUSIONS 139
REFERENCES 140
CHAPTER 14. LEVEL MIXING RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (LEMS)— A NOVEL PROBE OF NON-LINEAR NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE RESONANCE 144
Abstract 144
REFERENCES 147
CHAPTER 15. EXPERIMENTALLY REALIZED LINEWIDTHS OF NARROW ( < 10¯ 10eV) NUCLEAR GAMMA RESONANCES
Abstract 148
1. MÔSSBAUER GAMMA-RAY LASERS 148
2. LINE-BROADENING AND NUCLEAR HYPERFINE STRUCTURE 149
3. RECOIL-FREE FRACTION AND DEBYE TEMPERATURE 150
4. EXPERIMENTAL STATUS OF MÔSSBAUER LINEWIDTHS 157
5. POSSIBLE METHODS OF ELIMINATING OR COMPENSATING FOR INHOMOGENEOUS LINE BROADENING 162
6. CONCLUSIONS 164
REFERENCES 166