Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics 2
Copyright Page 3
Table of Contents 14
PREFACE 4
LIST OF COMMITTEES 6
OPENING ADDRESS 8
WELCOME ADDRESS 10
YAMADA SCIENCE FOUNDATION AND THE SCOPE OF YAMADA CONFERENCES 12
EXECUTIVE MEMBERS OF YAMADA SCIENCE FOUNDATION 13
Part I: Astrophysics 24
CHAPTER 1. PHASE TRANSITIONS IN DENSE ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS 26
1. INTRODUCTION 26
2. SOLIDIFICATION OF DENSE ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS 27
3. FREEZING OF C/0 WHITE DWARFS AND THE AGE OF THE GALAXY 29
4. THE POSSIBILITY OF Fe/H PHASE SEPARATION IN LOW MASS STARS 30
5. H/He PHASE SEPARATION IN GIANT PLANETS 32
6. THE METALLIZATION OF H 33
7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 37
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 37
REFERENCES 38
CHAPTER 2. PLASMA THERMODYNAMICS AND THE EVOLUTION OF BROWN DWARFS AND PLANETS 44
1. INTRODUCTION 44
2. EVOLUTION OF BROWN DWARFS 45
3. STRUCTURE OF JUPITER 51
4. CONCLUSIONS 53
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 54
REFERENCES 54
CHAPTER 3. DISCOVERY OF LOW MASS OBJECTS IN TAURUS 56
I. INTRODUCTION 56
II. OBSERVATIONS 57
III. DISCUSSION 60
IV. CONCLUSIONS 64
REFERENCES 65
CHAPTER 4. TOPICS IN X-RAY ASTRONOMY FROM OBSERVATIONS WITH GINGA 66
1. INTRODUCTION 66
2. THIN HOT PLASMAS IN ASTROPHYSICS 69
3. SELF-SIMILAR VARIABILITY IN COMPACT X-RAY SOURCES 72
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 76
References 77
CHAPTER 5. PROTON ABUNDANCE IN HOT NEUTRON STAR MATTER 78
1. INTRODUCTION 78
2. APPROACH 78
3. NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 79
4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 81
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 81
REFERENCES 81
CHAPTER 6. THERMONUCLEAR REACTION RATES OF DENSE CARBON-OXYGEN MIXTURES IN WHITE DWARFS 82
REFERENCES 85
Part II:Computer Simulations of Quantum and Classical Many-Body Systems 86
CHAPTER 7. QUANTUM MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF HYDROGEN PLASMAS 88
1 INTRODUCTION 88
2 THE PATH-INTEGRAL ALGORITHM 89
3 TWO ELECTRONS AND TWO PROTONS 90
4 EIGHT ELECTRONS AND EIGHT PROTONS 99
5 CONCLUSIONS 102
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 102
References 103
CHAPTER 8. QUANTUM SIMULATION OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 104
1. Introduction 104
2. Hubbard Model 105
3. Extension of the Hubbard Model 106
4. Strong Coupling Hamiltonians 108
5. On the Fractional Statistics 110
6. Summary and Future Problems 112
References 112
CHAPTER 9. DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF MIXED QUANTUM-CLASSICALSYSTEMS 116
1. INTRODUCTION 116
2. QUANTUM MOLECULAR DYNAMICS METHOD 117
3. AN EXCESS ELECTRON IN A DENSE HELIUM GAS 118
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 122
REFERENCES 122
CHAPTER 10. MONTE CARLO SIMULATION STUDY OF DENSE PLASMAS: FREEZING, TRANSPORT AND NUCLEAR REACTION 124
1. INTRODUCTION 124
2. FREEZING TRANSITION 125
3. CONDUCTIVITIES 132
4. RATES OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS 132
5. MULTI-COMPONENT PLASMAS 135
REFERENCES 135
CHAPTER 11. STATIC AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CONFINED, COLD ION PLASMAS: MD SIMULATIONS 136
DYNAMIC EFFECTS 140
REFERENCES 147
CHAPTER 12. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDY OF RAPIDLY QUENCHED OCP 148
1. INTRODUCTION 148
2. MD SIMULATION OF RAPID-QUENCHING PROCESS 148
3. TOPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHORT-RANGE ORDER IN THE QUENCHED STAT 150
REFERENCES 151
CHAPTER 13. MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS FOR THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF THE STRONGLY COUPLED ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA 152
1. INTRODUCTION 152
2. SYSTEM AND METHOD 152
3. RESULTS 153
4. DISCUSSION 155
REFERENCES 155
Part III: Glass and Freezing Transitions 156
CHAPTER 14. FREEZING OF COULOMB LIQUIDS 158
1. INTRODUCTION 158
2. FREEZING OF JELLIUM 159
3. BOND PARTICLE MODEL FOR SEMICONDUCTORS 161
4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 165
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 166
REFERENCES 166
CHAPTER 15. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY OF QUANTUM WIGNER CRYSTALLIZATION 168
1. INTRODUCTION 168
2. DWT FOR JELLIUM 168
3. LOCAL FIELD FACTOR AND FREEZING OF JELLIUM 170
4. CONCLUSIONS 171
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 171
REFERENCES 171
CHAPTER 16. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS STUDIES OF GLASSY STATES: SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS AND AMORPHIZED SOLIDS 172
1. INTRODUCTION 172
2. A DYNAMICAL TRANSITION IN METASTABLE FLUIDS 173
3. DEFECT-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION 178
4. DISCUSSION 181
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 182
REFERENCES 182
CHAPTER 17. STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS OF ATOMS NEAR A GLASS TRANSITION POINT 186
REFERENCES 189
CHAPTER 18. MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS STUDY OF BINARY ALLOYS: DYNAMICAL CORRELATIONS OF THE SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS NEAR THE GLASS TRANSITION OF BINARY SOFT-SPHERE MIXTURES 190
1. INTRODUCTION 190
2. MODEL AND MD SIMULATIONS 190
3. RESULTS 191
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 193
REFERENCES 193
CHAPTER 19. EFFECT OF THE QUANTUM ELECTRONS TO FORMATION OF A CRYSTALLINE ORDER IN ALKALI METALS 194
1. INTRODUCTION 194
2. THEORY 195
3. NUMERICAL RESULTS 196
REFERENCES 197
Part IV: Strong-Coupling Theories and Experiments in Specific Geometries 198
CHAPTER 20. OBSERVATION OF CORRELATIONS IN FINITE, STRONGLY COUPLED ION PLASMAS 200
1. INTRODUCTION 200
2. CONFINEMENT GEOMETRY 200
3. LASER COOLING AND COMPRESSION 202
4. OBSERVED CORRELATIONS 204
5. ION DIFFUSION 208
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 209
REFERENCES 209
CHAPTER 21. THEORY OF STRONGLY-CORRELATED PURE ION PLASMA IN PENNING TRAPS 212
1. INTRODUCTION 212
2. THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM OF STRONGLY-CORRELATED NONNEUTRAL PLASMAS 213
3. NUMERICAL RESULTS 216
4. SLAB MODEL OF THE BOUNDED COULOMB SYSTEM 220
REFERENCES 223
CHAPTER 22. SURFACE PROPERTIES OF THE COULOMB LIQUIDS: FROM THE CLASSICAL ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA TO LIQUID METALS 224
1. INTRODUCTION 224
2. OCP SURFACE 225
3. LIQUID METAL SURFACES 228
4. CONCLUSION 234
REFERENCES 234
CHAPTER 23. CLASSICAL CHARGED PARTICLE SYSTEMS WITH INTERFACES 236
1. INTRODUCTION 236
2. SHELL STRUCTURE OF CHARGES UNDER AXIALLY SYMMETRIC CONFINEMENT 237
3. ONE-DIMENSIONAL CONFINEMENT 242
4. THREE-DIMENSIONAL OCP LATTICE AS COLLECTION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL OCP LATTICES 245
5. CONCLUSION 247
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 247
REFERENCES 247
CHAPTER 24. SURFACE CORRELATIONS IN CLASSICAL FINITE COULOMB SYSTEMS 248
1. Introduction 248
2. Statement of the problem 251
3. Debye-Hückel approximation 255
REFERENCES. 258
CHAPTER 25. PATTERN FORMATION PROCESSES IN BINARY MIXTURES WITH SURFACTANTS 260
1 . INTRODUCTION 260
2. MODEL SYSTEM 260
3. COMPUTER EXPERIMENT 262
4. CONCLUSION 262
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 263
REFERENCES 263
Part V: Charged Particles in Lower Dimensions and/or in Magnetic Fields 264
CHAPTER 26. EXCITATIONS IN CONDUCTING POLYMERS 266
1. INTRODUCTION 266
2. SOLITON, POLARON, AND MODELS 267
3. PHONONS AROUND THE SOLITON OR THE POLARON 269
4. ELECTRON INTERACTIONS 271
5. PHOTO-INDUCED ABSORPTION 273
6. PHOTO-INDUCED RAMAN SCATTERING 274
7. A RAMAN EXPERIMENT USING MISFET 275
8. CONCLUSIONS 276
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 276
REFERENCES 277
CHAPTER 27. DOPING DISORDER AND BAND STRUCTURES IN CONJUGATED POLYMERS 278
1. INTRODUCTION 278
2. COHERENT POTENTIAL APPROXIMATION 279
3. ORDER PARAMETER, IMPURITY BANDS, AND PHASE DIAGRAMS 279
4. CONCLUSIONS 281
REFERENCES 281
CHAPTER 28. STRONGLY COUPLED ONE-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM AND THE POLYMER 282
1. INTRODUCTION 282
2. DISPUTE 283
3. CORRELATED BASIS FUNCTIONS (CBF) THEORY 283
4. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 284
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 285
REFERENCES 285
CHAPTER 29. MANY-BODY EFFECTS IN QUANTUM WELLS 286
1. INTRODUCTION 286
2. OPTICAL PROPERTIES 287
3. MAGNETIC OSCILLATION 289
4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 295
REFERENCES 295
CHAPTER 30. STRONGLY CORRELATED TWO DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONS FORMED ON DIELECTRIC MATERIALS 298
1. INTRODUCTION 298
2. BASIC ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES 299
3. ELECTRON MOBILITY 300
4. EFFECT OF ELECTRON CORRELATION IN THE INTERMEDIATE . REGION 301
5 ELECTRON CRYSTAL 304
6. CONCLUSION 306
REFERENCES 307
CHAPTER 31. TWO-DIMENSIONAL COULOMB SYSTEMS : SOLVABLE MODELS AT . = 2 308
1. INTRODUCTION 308
2. TWO-COMPONENT PLASMA 309
3. ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA REVISITED 316
4. CONCLUSION 319
REFERENCES 319
CHAPTER 32. APPROXIMATE THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS FOR THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL TWO-COMPONENT COULOMB GAS 320
1. Introduction 320
2. Numerical computation of the configuration integral 321
3. Approximate thermodynamic functions 322
4. Derivatives of the configuration integral for 7 = 0 and 7 = 2. 322
5. Perspectives. 323
REFERENCES. 323
CHAPTER 33. STRONGLY COUPLED 2D OCP IN A MAGNETIC FIELD 324
1. ELECTROSTATIC ANALOGUE 324
2. COULOMB EFFECTS IN MAGNETIC FIELD 326
3. DYNAMICAL CONDUCTIVITY 328
4. FRACTIONAL QUANTIZED HALL EFFECT 329
5. CONCLUDING REMARKS 334
REFERENCES 335
CHAPTER 34. COLLISIONAL RELAXATION OF A STRONGLY MAGNETIZED PURE ELECTRON PLASMA (THEORY AND EXPERIMENT) 336
1. INTRODUCTION 336
2. BINARY INTERACTION 337
3. CALCULATION OF THE EQUIPARTITION RATE 339
4. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION 343
V. EXPERIMENT 345
REFERENCES 347
CHAPTER 35. LONGTIME TAILS OF TIME CORRELATION FUNCTIONS FOR AN IONIC MIXTURE IN A MAGNETIC FIELD AND THE VALIDITY OF MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS 348
1. INTRODUCTION 348
2. MODE SPECTRUM OF AN IONIC MIXTURE 348
3. LONG-TIME TAILS OF TIME CORRELATION FUNCTIONS 350
REFERENCES 351
Part VI: Quantum Electron Liquids in Strong Coupling 352
CHAPTER 36. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY OF SUPERCONDUCTORS REGARDED AS TWO-COMPONENT PLASMAS 354
1. BASIC DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY 354
2. GENERALIZATIONS 355
3. SUPERCONDUCTORS 356
REFERENCES 358
CHAPTER 37. GREEN'S FUNCTION AND DYNAMIC CORRELATIONS OF ELECTRONS IN METALS 360
1. FUNCTIONAL DERIVATIVES 360
2. CONVOLUTION APPROXIMATION AND DYNAMIC HYPERNETTED-CHAIN SCHEME 361
3. SUM RULES AND ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR FOR THE DIELECTRIC FUNCTION AND VERTEX CORRECTION 363
CHAPTER 38. VARIATIONAL THEORY OF ELECTRON LIQUID 364
1. INTRODUCTION 364
2. EPX METHOD 367
3. NUMERICAL RESULTS 369
4. FUTURE PROSPECTS 373
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 374
REFERENCES 374
CHAPTER 39. LANDAU INTERACTION FUNCTION AND EFFECTIVE MASS OF AN ELECTRON LIQUID 376
REFERENCES 379
CHAPTER 40. RPA, VERTEX CORRECTION AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODELS 380
1. INTRODUCTION 380
2. SELF-CONSISTENCY EQUATIONS 380
3. VERTEX CORRECTION IN THE HUBBARD MODEL 382
4. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE CuO2 PLANE 382
REFERENCES 383
CHAPTER 41. ABSENCE OF EXPONENTIAL SCREENING IN QUANTUM MECHANICAL PLASMAS 384
1. INTRODUCTION 384
2. SEMI-CLASSICAL EXPANSIONS 385
3. THE HYDROGEN ATOM IN A CLASSICAL PLASMA 386
REFERENCES 388
Part VII: Metallic Systems 390
CHAPTER 42. NATURE OF PHONONS, ISOTOPE EFFECT, AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN Ba1-xKxBiO3 392
1. INTRODUCTION 392
2. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION 394
3. PHONON DENSITY OF STATES 396
4. ELECTRON TUNNELING 400
5. ISOTOPE EFFECT DUE TO 16O TO 18O SUBSTITUTION 401
6. CONCLUSIONS 402
REFERENCES 403
CHAPTER 43. MICROSCOPIC DERIVATION OF LANDAU-GINZBURG FREE ENERGY FOR AN IONELECTRON TWO-COMPONENT PLASMA 404
1. INTRODUCTION 404
2. GENERAL FORMULATION 405
3. ADIABATIC APPROXIMATION 406
4. DISCUSSIONS 407
REFERENCES 407
CHAPTER 44. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF A LIQUID METAL USING A SOFT-SPHERE REFERENCE SYSTEM 408
1. INTRODUCTION 408
2. THE GB METHOD AND SOFT-SPHERE REFERENCE FLUIDS 408
3. RESULTS FOR Na AND Al 409
4. CONCLUSIONS 411
REFERENCES 411
CHAPTER 45. ELECTRON-ION STRONG COUPLING EFFECTS IN DENSE HYDROGEN PLASMAS I. EQUATION OF STATE AND ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY 412
REFERENCES 415
CHAPTER 46. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL APPROACH TO PARTICLE CORRELATIONS AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE IN DENSE PLASMAS 416
1. INTRODUCTION 416
2. THE DENSITY FUNCTIONAL MODEL 416
3. THE PSEUDOPOTENTIALS 421
4. SIMPLIFIED DENSITY FUNCTIONAL MODELS 422
5. CORRELATIONS IN IMPURITY PLASMAS 422
6. TREATMENT OF ION-CONFIGURATION EFFECTS 425
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 426
REFERENCES 426
CHAPTER 47. EFFECT OF THE ELECTRON-ION CORRELATION POTENTIALS ON THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS IN DENSE H AND He PLASMAS 428
1. INTRODUCTION 428
2. THE e-i CORRELATION IN DFT 428
3. NUMERICAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 429
4. CONCLUDING REMARK 431
REFERENCES 431
CHAPTER 48. ENERGY LOSS OF CHARGED PARTICLES IN LIQUID AND AMORPHOUS METALS 432
1. INTRODUCTION 432
2. FORMULATION 432
3. DYNAMICAL EFFECTS IN ENERGY LOSS FOR LOW ENERGY PROJECTILES 433
4. ENERGY LOSS IN LIQUID AND AMORPHOUS METALS 434
5. CONCLUDING REMARKS 435
REFERENCES 435
CHAPTER 49. STUDIES OF A STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMA PRODUCED IN A CAPILLARY DISCHARGE 436
REFERENCES 439
CHAPTER 50. THE MEASUREMENT OF TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMAS 440
1. INTRODUCTION 440
2. RESISTIVITY EXPERIMENT 441
3. OTHER TRANSPORT PROPERTY MEASUREMENT 443
4. CONCLUSIONS 444
REFERENCES 444
CHAPTER 51. ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMAS IN INTENSE FIELDS 446
1. INTRODUCTION 446
2. GENERAL THEORY 446
RESULTS 448
REFERENCES 449
CHAPTER 52. GENERATION OF A STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMA WITH ELECTRON TEMPERATURE AROUND 4.2 K IN CRYOGENIC HELIUM GASES 452
1. INTRODUCTION 452
2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND PROCEDURE 453
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 453
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 455
REFERENCES 455
CHAPTER 53. MEASUREMENT OF THE DYNAMIC FORM FACTOR AT LOW FREQUENCIES FOR A PLASMA WITH . = .06 456
REFERENCES 459
Part VIII: Metal-Insulator Transition 460
CHAPTER 54. THERMODYNAMIC AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF FLUID METALS IN THE METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITION RANGE 462
1. INTRODUCTION 462
2. EXPANDED ALKALI METALS 463
3. EXPANDED DIVALENT MERCURY 469
4. PHASE EQUILIBRIA IN HG-HE MIXTURES 472
REFERENCES 473
CHAPTER 55. THEORETICAL STUDY OF ATOMIC AND ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES IN MICROCLUSTERS OF POTASSIUM AND MERCURY 474
§1. INTRODUCTION 474
§2. INFORMATION FROM EXPERIMENTS 475
§3. METHOD 476
§4. RESULTS FOR POTASSIUM AND MERCURY 478
§5. DISCUSSION 484
References 485
CHAPTER 56. IONIZATION EFFECTS IN A MODEL FLUID 486
1. INTRODUCTION 486
2. MODEL 486
3. RESULTS 488
4. SUMMARY 489
REFERENCES 489
CHAPTER 57. THE INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION IN DENSE PLASMAS 490
1. INTRODUCTION 490
2. THE INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION AT LOW TEMPERATURE 491
3. THE INSULATOR-METAL TRANSITION AT HIGHER TEMPERATURES - THE PLASMA PHASE TRANSITION (PPT) 495
4. CONCLUSIONS 499
REFERENCES 500
CHAPTER 58. PRESSURE IONIZATION IN FLUID HYDROGEN 502
I. INTRODUCTION 502
II. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL FREE ENERGY 503
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 506
IV. EFFECT OF THE PPT ON THE THERMAL STRUCTURE OF LOW-MASS BROWN DWARFS 510
V. CONCLUSION 511
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 511
REFERENCES 511
CHAPTER 59. THERMODYNAMICS AND TRANSPORT IN DENSE PARTIALLY IONIZED PLASMAS 514
1. INTRODUCTION 514
2. MANY PARTICLE EFFECTS. GREEN FUNCTION TECHNIQUE 515
3. THERMODYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM 520
4. KINETIC EQUATIONS FOR NONIDEAL REACTING PLASMAS 520
5. NONIDEALITY AND NONLINEAR IONIZATION KINETICS IN PLASMAS 522
6. ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF A NONIDEAL PLASMA 523
REFERENCES 524
Part IX: Atomic and Molecular States and Radiation 526
CHAPTER 60. GENERALIZED SCHRODINGER EQUATIONS FOR SHIFTS, WIDTHS, AND WAVE FUNCTIONS OF ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR STATES IN DENSE MATTER 528
1. SCF METHOD 528
2. MICROFIELD METHODS 530
3. BETHE-SALPETER EQUATION 530
4. DISCRETE ATOMIC EIGENFUNCTIONS OF THE REDUCED DENSITY MATRIX 530
5. VARIATIONAL METHOD FOR SHIFTS, WIDTHS, AND WAVE FUNCTIONS 531
REFERENCES 538
CHAPTER 61. DYNAMICS OF ELECTRIC FIELDS IN STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMAS 540
1. INTRODUCTION 540
2. DEFINITIONS AND GENERAL PROPERTIES 540
3. GAUSSIAN LIMIT 542
4. SHORT TIME LIMIT 543
5. HIGH FIELD LIMIT 545
6. INDEPENDENT PARTICLE MODEL 547
7. DISCUSSION 548
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 550
REFERENCES 550
CHAPTER 62. ELECTRON-ION STRONG COUPLING EFFECTS IN DENSE HYDROGEN PLASMAS II. ELECTRIC LEVELS OF IMPURITY IONS 552
1. INTRODUCTION 552
2. MODELS 552
3. RESULTS 553
REFERENCES 554
CHAPTER 63. EQUATION OF STATE AND OPACITY OF DENSE PLASMAS 556
1. INTRODUCTION 556
2. EQUATION OF STATE 557
3. ATOMIC PHYSICS 561
4. OPACITY 562
5. OPACITY CALCULATIONS 566
REFERENCES 566
CHAPTER 64. SOME INTERPRETATION OF EXPERIMENTAL VALUES OF DC ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND SPECTRAL LINE SHAPE 568
1. INTRODUCTION 568
2. PRODUCTION AND DIAGNOSTICS OF HIGH DENSITY PLASMAS 569
3. DC ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY 572
4. PROFILE OF THE SPECTRAL LINES 573
5. CONCLUDING REMARKS 574
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 575
REFERENCES 575
CHAPTER 65. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMAS 578
1. INTRODUCTION 578
2. PLASMA GENERATION 578
3. TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 580
4. STARK SHIFT OF ArI LINES 580
5. INVESTIGATION OF THE BALMER SERIES LINES 582
6. Ar AND Xe DENSE PLASMAS IN THE REGION OF LARGE .. 585
ACNOWLEGEMENT 587
REFERENCES 587
CHAPTER 66. MANY-ELECTRON EFFECTS ON DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN DENSE MATTER 590
1. INTRODUCTION 590
2. SELF-CONSISTENT FIELD MOLECULAR DYNAMICS 590
3. DYNAMIC SCREENING 591
4. SUMMARY 593
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 593
REFERENCES 593
Part X: Shock-Compressed Plasmas and Inertial-Confînement-Fusion Plasmas 594
CHAPTER 67. LASER PRODUCED OPTICALLY-THIN STRONGLY COUPLED PLASMAS 596
Introduction 596
Plasma Production 597
Plasma Characteristics 599
Plasma Opacity 604
Conclusion 606
References 607
CHAPTER 68. ION BEAM-PLASMA INTERACTION: A STANDARD MODEL APPROACH 608
1. INTRODUCTION 608
2. STOPPING STANDARD MODEL (SSM) 609
3. BEYOND THE S.S.M. 612
4. BEAM-PLASMA EXPERIMENTS 613
5. MEASURED ENERGY LOSS 615
6. FUTURE PROSPECTS 618
REFERENCES 618
CHAPTER 69. PARTICLE SIMULATIONS ON STATIC AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF TWO COMPONENT HOT DENSE PLASMAS 620
1. Introduction 620
2. Reduction in bremsstrahlung emission from binary ionic mixture plasma 621
3. Contact potential and Surface Tension 622
4. Interaction between High Intensity, Ultra Short Laser and Hydrogen Plasma at a Solid Density 623
REFERENCES 623
CHAPTER 70. OPTICAL OBSERVATION OF LASER-COMPRESSED MATERIAL 624
1. INTRODUCTION 624
2. EXPERIMENTS 624
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 625
4. DISCUSSION 627
5. CONCLUSION 627
REFERENCE 627
CHAPTER 71. MECHANISM OF FUEL COMPRESSION IN ICF AND PROPERTY OF COMPPRESSED FUEL PLASMA 628
1. INTRODUCTION 628
2. FUEL COMPRESSION 628
REFERENCES 631
CHAPTER 72. CHARGE NEUTRALIZATION DURING PROPAGATION OF INTENSE LIGHT ION BEAM FOR ICF DRIVER 632
1. INTRODUCTION 632
2. FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS 632
3. STEADY SOLUTION OF BEAM 632
4. SOLUTION OF BEAM WITH TWO EDGES 633
5. MOTION OF ELECTRON IN BACKGROUND PLASMA 634
6. DETAILED ANALYSIS OF ELECTRON MOTION 634
REFERENCES 635
Part XI: Dense Multi-Ionic Systems 636
CHAPTER 73. DYNAMICS AND MECHANISM OF DIFFUSION IN SUPERIONIC CONDUCTORS 638
1. INTRODUCTION 638
2. MODEL 638
3. RESULTS 639
4. CONCLUDING REMARKS 641
REFERENCES 641
CHAPTER 74. PROPERTIES OF STRONGLY COUPLED MULTI-IONIC PLASMAS 642
1. INTRODUCTION 642
2. N DEPENDENCE IN MC SIMULATIONS OF THE OCP 643
3. OCP FLUID AND SOLID 645
4. BINARY IONIC MIXTURES 651
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 653
REFERENCES 654
CHAPTER 75. LINEAR AND ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT IN STRONGLY COUPLED BINARY IONIC MIXTURES 656
REFERENCES 659
CHAPTER 76. STATISTICAL-MECHANICAL EFFECTS ON COLD NUCLEAR FUSION IN METAL HYDRIDES 660
REFERENCES 663
Part XII: Strong-Coupling Theories and Experiments in General 664
CHAPTER 77. CRITICAL COMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR OF LATTICE GAS 666
1. INTRODUCTION 666
2. LATTICE GAS AND THE ISING MODEL 666
3. EXACT ZC FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM 667
4. APPLICATION OF HIGH TEMPERATURE EXPANSION 667
REFERENCES 669
CHAPTER 78. STRUCTURAL PHASE TRANSITIONS IN DENSE HYDROGEN 670
1. INTRODUCTION 670
2. TOTAL ENERGY CALCULATION USING PLANE-WAVE BASIS FUNCTION 671
3. PHASE TRANSITIONS IN THE METALLIC AND MOLECULAR PHASE 674
4. BOND LENGTH AND VIBRON FREQUENCY WITH ENERGY CORRECTION 677
5. CONCLUDING REMARKS 679
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 679
REFERENCES 680
CHAPTER 79. PLASMA CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE COHESIVE ENERGY OF CHARGE STABILISED COLLOIDAL SYSTEMS 682
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 685
REFERENCES 685
CHAPTER 80. A TWO-DIMENSIONAL POLYMER CHAIN WITH SHORT-RANGE INTERACTIONS 686
1. INTRODUCTION 686
2. MODEL 686
3. RESULTS 687
4. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 689
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 689
REFERENCES 689
CHAPTER 81. NEW EMPIRICAL BRIDGE FUNCTIONS OF INTEGRAL EQUATION: APPLICATION TO THE BINARY SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS OF THE TWELFTH INVERSE POWER POTENTIAL 690
1. INTRODUCTION 690
2. The MHNCS approximation 691
3. MHNCS RESULTS FOR THE BINARY SOFT-SPHERE MIXTURES 692
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 693
REFERENCES 693
CHAPTER 82. EXTENDED MEAN DENSITY APPROXIMATION FOR STRUCTURE FACTORS OF FLUIDS 694
1. INTRODUCTION 694
2. REVIEW OF THE FORMALISM 694
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 696
REFERENCES 697
CHAPTER 83. INTEGRAL EQUATION APPROACH FOR CHARGED COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS 698
1. INTRODUCTION 698
2. METHOD 698
3. RESULTS 699
REFERENCES 700
CHAPTER 84. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY AND LANGEVIN-DIFFUSION EQUATION 702
1. INR0DUCTI0N 702
2. LANGEVIN-DIFFUSION EQUATION 702
3. LIQUID-CRYSTAL INTERFACE 704
AUTHOR INDEX 706
SUBJECT INDEX 708