Beam Instrumentation and Diagnostics (eBook)

Preface 7
Commonly Used Abbreviations 10
Contents 12
1 Introduction 17
2 Beam Intensity Measurements 26
2.1 Faraday Cups 27
2.2 Calorimetric Intensity Measurements 47
2.3 Beam Current Transformers 48
2.4 The Cryogenic Current Comparator 67
2.5 Secondary Electron Monitors 70
2.6 Ionization Chambers 72
2.7 Particle Counting 74
Conclusion 85
3 Thermal Aspects 86
3.1 Relevant Formulas 86
3.2 DC-Beams 88
3.3 Intense Pulsed Beams 109
3.4 Cooling by Radiation 115
Conclusion 119
4 Beam Pro.le Measurements 120
4.1 Profile Grids, Harps 120
4.2 Pro.le Grids with Gas Ampli.cation (MWPC) 129
4.3 Wire Scanners 130
4.4 Scintillation Screens 135
4.5 Residual Gas Ionization Monitors 138
4.6 Evaluation of Charge States and Mass Spectra from Beam Profile Measurements 159
4.7 Beam Alignment Based on Beam Profile Measurements 165
5 Measurements with Capacitive or Inductive Pickups 169
5.1 Principles of Signal Extraction 169
5.2 Capacitive Pickups, Basics 171
5.3 Examples of Application 193
5.4 Beam Position Monitors (BPM) in Circular Machines 208
Conclusion 225
6 Measurements in Phase Spaces 226
6.1 Transverse Phase Planes 227
6.2 Emittance Measurements in Transverse Phase Planes 228
6.3 Computer-Aided Optimization and Operation 283
6.A Dimensioning Motor Driven Feedthroughs 287
Conclusion 296
7 The Longitudinal Phase Plane 297
7.1 Emittance Measurements in the Longitudinal Phase Plane 298
Conclusion 311
8 The Electromagnetic Fields of Bunches 353
8.1 Introduction 353
8.2 Bunches with a Spherical Shape 354
8.3 Bunches with an Elliptical Shape 357
8.4 Comparison with a DC-Beam 360
8.5 Estimations of Space Charge E.ects 363
8.6 Special E.ects of Moving Charged Particles 374
8.A Solution of the Poisson Equation in the Elliptical Coordinate System 380
8.B Relativistic E.ects 385
9 Beam Loss Monitoring 388
9.1 Principles and Types of Beam Loss Monitors 389
10 Some Interesting Specialized Aspects of Beam Diagnostics 394
10.1 The Laserwire 394
10.2 The Fresnel Zone Plate Beam Pro.le Monitor 395
10.3 Beam Pro.le Monitor Based on a GEM Detector 395
10.4 High-Resolution Bunch Shape and Length Measurements 395
10.5 Electron Beam Scanner 396
10.6 AC Modulation of System Parameters 396
References 397
Index 415