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Introductory Remarks.- La luminescence nocturne. (The Nightglow.).- A. Luminance du ciel nocturne.- B. Couleur de 1a luminescence nocturne.- C. Etude spectrale.- D. Polarisation de 1a lumiere du ciel nocturne.- E. Variations dans le temps de la luminescence nocturne.- F. Variations dans l'espace; altitude des couches emissives.- G. Correlations avec d'autres phenomenes.- H. Origines de la lumiere du ciel nocturne.- J. Applications a la connaissance de la haute atmosphere.- K. Lueur crepusculaire et diurne.- Annexe: Valeurs de sec ?.- Bibliographie.- Dynamic Structure of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere.- A. Introduction.- B. Structure.- I. Ozonospheric structure.- II. Detailed structure.- III. General thermal structure.- C. Motions.- I. The stratospheric circulation.- II. Stratopause thermal tides.- III. Upper atmospheric clouds.- D. Other features.- I. Atmospheric acoustical structure.- II. Electrical structure.- E. Summary.- General references.- Linear Internal Gravity Waves in the Atmosphere.- A. The linear wave equations in an atmosphere at rest.- I. General considerations.- II. Approximations in the horizontal wave equation.- III. Approximations in the vertical wave equation.- B. The isothermal atmosphere.- I. Generalities.- II. Limiting characteristics of waves.- III. Special modes.- C. Internal gravity waves in fluids with mean flow.- D. Approximate techniques for solving the wave equations.- E. Wave reflection and ducting.- F. The generation and dissipation of waves.- G. Linear theory of mountain waves.- H. Wave energy and momentum.- General references.- Wave-Like Phenomena in the Near-Earth Plasma and Interactions with Man-Made Bodies.- A. Properties and parameters of the near-Earth and interplanetary plasma. Basic equations.- B. Flow around solid bodies moving in a plasma.- I. Disturbed conditions in the vicinity of moving bodies.- II. Electric fields in the disturbed vicinity.- III. Scattering of radio waves from the trail of a rapidly moving body.- IV. Remarks concerning the excitation of waves and the instability of the plasma around a rapidly moving body.- C. Waves and oscillations in the near-Earth plasma and in the ionosphere.- I. Investigations of ELF waves.- II. Investigations of VLF waves.- III. Investigations of LF waves.- IV. Investigations of HF waves.- Notations and symbols.- General references.- Some Characteristic Features of the Ionospheres of Near-Earth Planets.- 1. Introduction.- I. Methods for investigating planetary ionospheres by means of spacecraft.- 2. General characteristics.- 3. Charged-particle traps.- 4. Radio methods.- 5. Analysis of radio data.- 6. Difficulties and limitations of the different methods.- II. Experimental results of the exploration of the ionospheres of Mars and Venus.- 7. The ionosphere of Mars.- 8. The ionosphere of Venus.- 9. Comparison of electron density and temperature profiles in the Martian, terrestrial and Venusian ionospheres.- III. Models of the Martian and Venusian ionospheres.- 10. Generalities: the influence of neutral composition.- 11. Problems involving the range near the main peak of the profile.- 12. The upper ionosphere of Venus.- 13. The upper ionosphere of Mars.- Conclusions.- General references.- Sachverzeichnis (Deutsch-Englisch).- Subject Index (English-German).- Index (Francais-Allemand).