Interventional Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures

1 General Considerations.- Before the Angiographic Procedure.- Patient Evaluation.- Preangiographic Orders.- Special Procedures Room.- After the Angiographic Procedure.- Compression.- Postangiographic Orders and Notes.- Prevention of Thrombus Formation.- Anticoagulation.- Outpatient Arteriography.- Photographic Subtraction.- 2 The Puncture.- Check List for Starting the Procedure.- Local Anesthesia.- The Arterial Puncture.- Femoral Artery.- Percutaneous Axillary Angiography.- The Venous Puncture.- of a Sheath.- 3 Arterial Examinations: Nonselective Studies.- Translumbar Aortography.- Abdominal Aortography.- Thoracic Aortography-Arch Aortography.- Pelvic Angiography.- Triple-Contrast Bladder Examination.- Peripheral (Femoral) Arteriography.- Intraarterial Use of Lidocaine in Peripheral Angiography.- 4 Arterial Examinations: Selective Studies.- Visceral Angiography.- Determining Position of the Catheter Tip.- Catheterization of the Celiac Axis.- The Loop Technique in Visceral Angiography.- Superselective Angiography.- Renal Arteriography.- Coronary Arteriography.- The Judkins Technique.- The Amplatz Technique.- The Sones Technique.- Bronchial Arteriography.- Parathyroid Arteriography.- Neuroangiography.- Preprocedure Considerations.- Femorocerebral Angiography.- Direct Carotid Arteriography.- Brachial Arteriography.- 5 Venous Examinations.- Venography of the Lower Extremity.- Superior Venacavography.- Inferior Venacavography.- Renal Venography.- Pulmonary Angiography: Transfemoral Approach.- Adrenal Venography.- Left Suprarenal Vein.- Right Suprarenal Vein.- Thyroid Venography.- Azygography.- Transcostal.- Transfemoral.- Epidural Venography.- 6 Special Procedures.- Musculoskeletal Arthrography.- Knee Arthrography.- Shoulder Arthrography.- Ankle Arthrography.- Arthrography of the Hip.- Wrist Arthrography.- Elbow Arthrography.- Lumbar Diskography.- Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of Bone.- Myelography.- Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography.- Percutaneous Drainage of the Biliary Tree.- Splenoportography.- Sialography.- Nasopharyngography.- Bronchography.- Selective Bronchography.- Contrast Laryngography.- Hysterosalpingography.- Gynecography (Pelvic Pneumography).- Lymphangiography.- 7 Interventional Special Procedures.- Preoperative Localization of Mammographically Demonstrated Nonpalpable Lesions of the Breasts.- Transhepatic Portal Venography.- Transjugular Approach to the Liver (Including the Biliary System and Portal Circulation).- Angiographic Diagnosis and Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.- Transcatheter Therapeutic Embolization 118 Percutaneous Lung Biopsy.- Percutaneous Lung Biopsy.- Screw Needle Apparatus for Obtaining Material for Cytologic Study.- Cutting-Needle Biopsy.- Nonoperative Extraction of Retained Biliary Calculi.- Retrieval of Intravascular Foreign Bodies.- Snare or Loop Retrieval.- Hook Catheter Retrieval.- Transluminal Angioplasty.- Dotter Technique.- Gruntzig Technique.- Mechanical Device for Arterial Occlusion.- Interventional Radiographic Procedures in the Urinary Tract.- Antegrade Pyelography.- Percutaneous Nephrostomy.- Percutaneous Ureteral Stent Placement.- Appendix: Treatment of Reactions to Contrast Media.