Self-Ligation in Orthodontics

THE EDITORS Both editors graduated from the School of Dentistry, University of Athens (Greece) and the Orthodontic postgraduate program of the Ohio State University, earning a Master's degree. Theodore Eliades additionally holds a doctorate in biomedical materials from the University of Athens, and a PhD in biomaterials from the University of Manchester. He is an Associate Professor of Orthodontics at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece), and affiliated with institutes in the USA and EU (Texas, Marquette, Manchester, and Bonn). His research on biomaterials has generated 85 articles, 15 chapters and 4 books, the diffusion of which into fields associated with natural and engineering sciences led to a fellowship at the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, and a membership in both the Royal Society of Chemistry and the Institute of Physics. Dr Eliades is Editor-in-Chief of the forthcoming Journal of Dental Biomechanics (Sage), Associate Editor of the European Journal of Orthodontics, and the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Editorial Board member in 5, and reviewer in 20 journals. Nikolaos Pandis completed a fellowship in Craniofacial Orthodontics at the University of Texas, Southwester Medical Center. He is currently a doctoral Fellow at the University of Bonn and enrolled in the Master of Clinical Trials program at the College of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London. He has published over 20 articles in the areas of self-ligating appliances and bonding, and is a Diplomate of the American Board of Orthodontics. Dr Pandis maintains an orthodontic practice in Corfu, Greece.

Contributors Foreword (Lysle E. Johnston, Jr).

Foreword (Larry W. White).

Preface

Acknowledgments

Dedication

Introduction

Development of Light Force Orthodontics: the Original Pin-a-slot Appliance as Ancestor to Modern Brackets (Jeffrey S. Thompson and William J.Thompson ).

Introduction

Pin-a-slot appliances

1 Historical Aspects and Evolution of Ligation and Appliances (Nigel Harradine).

Introduction

Early ligatures

Elastomeric ligatures

Begg pins

Self-ligation

THE MATERIALS SCIENCE AND BIOMECHANICS OF SELF-LIGATION

2 The Significance of Bracket Material Properties in Orthodontic Mechanics (Theodore Eliades, Spiros Zinelis and William A. Brantley).

Introduction

Bracket base

Wings

Base–wing joint

Bracket slot

3 Biomechanics of Self-Ligation: Analysis of Forces and Moments Exerted by Self-ligating Brackets (Nikolaos Pandis, Theodore Eliades and Christoph Bourauel).

Introduction

Forces generated during initial alignment with self-ligating and conventional brackets

Forces generated by conventional and self-ligating brackets during simulated intrusion–extrusion and bucco-lingual correction

Moments generated during simulated rotational correction with self-ligating and conventional brackets

Consistency in the ligation force with active self-ligating brackets throughout treatment

TREATMENT OUTCOME-CLINICAL PERFORMANCE

4 Essentials of Clinical Research Design (Argy Polycrhonopoulou).

Introduction

Study design

Non-experimental/observational studies

Experimental studies/intervention studies

Conclusion

5 Determinants of Tooth Movement: Molecular Response of Periodontal Ligament and Bone to Loading (Efthimia K. Basdra).

Introduction

Periodontal ligament

Orthodontic tooth movement

6 Efficiency and Treatment Outcome with Self-Ligating Brackets (Nikolaos Pandis, Peter Miles and Theodore Eliades).

Introduction

Treatment duration

Dental arch changes

Torque delivery

Space closure

Handling efficiency

Discomfort

7 Root Resorption in Orthodontics (M. Ali Darendeliler and Lam L. Cheng).

Introduction

History of OIIRR

Incidence of OIIRR

Location of OIIRR

Severity of OIIRR

Diagnosis of OIIRR

Pathogenesis of OIIRR

Light microscopy of OIIRR

Scanning electron microscopy of OIIRR

Biochemistry and molecular biology related to OIIRR

Physical properties of orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorbed cementum

Factors affecting OIIRR

Repair of OIIRR

Orthodontic relapse and OIIRR

Clinical consequences of OIIRR

Prevention and management of OIIRR

8 Root Resorption with Self-Ligating Brackets (Maria Mavragani, Nikolaos Pandis and Theodore Eliades).

Introduction

Relevant literature

Potential factors affecting OIIRR

9 Attachment of Oral Microbiota to Dental Surfaces (Daniel J. Smith).

Introduction

The oral bacterial challenge

Salivary component interactions with oral bacteria

Adaptive immunity in the oral cavity

10 Salivary Levels of Cariogenic Bacteria in Patients Treated with Self-Ligating and Conventional Brackets (William Papaioannou, Nikolaos Pandis and Theodore Eliades).

Introduction

Effect of orthodontic therapy on oral cariogenic bacteria

11 Periodontal Impact of Orthodontic Treatment with Self-Ligating Brackets (Jan van Gastel, Marc Quirynen, Wim Teughels and Carine Carels).

Introduction

Short-term effects

Long-term effects

Different bracket systems

12 Treatment Mechanics with Self-Ligating Brackets (David Birnie).

Introduction

Diagnostic philosophies

Aspects of clinical biomechanics

Archwire sequencing with self-ligating brackets

Tooth movement

Retention

Index