Melanopsin Vision

1. Introduction; 2. Evidence for the non-image forming pathways and novel retinal photoreceptors; 3. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs); 4. Methodological considerations for the experimental control of photoreception in humans; 5. The pupil as a measure of non-image forming vision; 6. Melanopsin-driven light adaptation modulates rod- and cone-mediated functions; 7. Spatio-temporal response properties of melanopsin photoreception; 8. Melanopsin expressing ipRGCs drive an independent dimension of conscious visual perception in humans; 9. Circadian rhythms and ipRGCs; 10. The non-image forming pathways set arousal and cognition; 11. Harnessing light in the built environment; 12. Future directions, unknowns, and conclusions; References.