Pneumocystis Pneumonia

Peter D. Walzer Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati , Ohio, U.S.A. Melanie T. Cushion Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati , Ohio, U.S.A.

Part One THE ORGANISM 1. Historical Overview 2. Nomenclature and Genetic Variation of Pneumocystis 3. Pneumocystis Cellular Structure 4. Surface Antigens 5. Signal Transduction and Cellular Communication 6. Transmission and Epidemiology 7. Pneumocystis Genome Project and Genomic Organization Part Two HOST DEFENSES/INTERACTION WITH THE HOST 8. The Neonatal Period 9. Interactions of Pneumocystis with Alveolar Macrophages and Epithelial Cells 10. T Cells in Defense Against Pneumocystis 11. Cytokines 12. The Role of Humoral Immunity in the Defense Against Pneumocystis 13. The Pulmonary Surfactant System in Pneumocystis Pneumonia 14. Mechanisms of Lung Injury During Pneumocystis Pneumonia Part Three INFECTION IN HUMANS 15. Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in HIV-Infected Patients 16. Pneumocystis Pneumonitis in Non-HIV-Infected Patients: Update 17. Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients in the Developing World 18. Immunological Features of Pneumocystis Infection in Humans 19. Molecular Typing and Epidemiological Insights 20. Current Regimens for Treatment and Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia 21. Lipids 22. Polyamines, Iron, and Pneumocystis carinii 23. DHFR and IMPDH: Enzymes Exploitable as Drug Targets in Pneumocystis 24. Dihydropteroate Synthase and Cytochrome B: The Problem of Emerging Resistance 25. Development of Candidate Anti-Pneumocystis Drugs: In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches