Nickel and the Skin

Jurij J. Hostýnek, Ph.D., currently serves as president of Euromerican Technology Resources, Inc., a Lafayette, California-based company that provides contract research and consulting services to the chemical, personal-care, and health-care industries. He is also an associate specialist at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine., Dr. Hostynek earned his Ph.D. in physical organic chemistry at the University of Basel, Switzerland, and conducted postdoctoral research at the University of California, Berkeley. He has published in the fields of physical organic chemistry, toxicology, dermatology, immunology, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR), and percutaneous absorption of organic and metallic compounds, and holds U.S. patents in metallurgy, organic synthesis, and cell biology. His current fields of research at UCSF include QSAR, skin permeation, and allergic sensitization potential of chemicals., Howard Maibach, M.D., is a professor of dermatology at the University of California, San Francisco, and has been a leading contributor to experimental research in dermatopharmacology, and to clinical research on contact dermatitis, contact urticaria, and other skin conditions. His work on pesticides includes clinical research on glyphosate, chlorothalonil, sodium hypochlorite, norflurazon, diethyl toluamide, and isothiazolin compounds. His experimental work includes research on the local lymph node assay, and the evaluation of the percutaneous absorption of atrazine, boron-containing pesticides, phenoxy herbicides, acetochlor, glyphosate, and many other compounds.

Aspects of Nickel Allergy: Etiology, Epidemiology, Immune Reactions, Prevention, and Therapy, J.J. Hostynek
Nickel Allergic Hypersensitivity: Prevalence and Incidence by Country, Gender, Age, and Occupation, J.J. Hostynek, K.E. Reagan, and H.I. Maibach
Oxidative Properties of the Skin: A Determinant for Nickel Diffusion, J.J. Hostynek, K.E. Reagan, and H.I. Maibach
Release of Nickel Ion From the Metal and Its Alloys as Cause of Nickel Allergy, J.J. Hostynek, K.E. Reagan, and H.I. Maibach
Skin Absorption of nickel and methods to Quantify Penetration, J.J. Hostynek, K.E. Reagan, and H.I. Maibach
Diagnostic Testing for Nickel Allergic Hypersensitivity: Patch Testing vs. Lymphocyte Transformation Test, J.J. Hostynek, K.E. Reagan, and H.I. Maibach
Orally Induced Tolerance to Nickel: The Role of Oral Exposure (Orthodontic Devices) in Preventing Sensitization, J.J. Hostynek, K.E. Reagan, and H.I. Maibach
Biochemical Aspects of Nickel Hypersensitivity: Factors Determining Allergenic Action, B. Santucci, E. Camera, and M. Picardo
Nickel Metal Alloys, G.N. Flint and C.P. Cutler
Appendix A: Glossary