Fundamentals of HIV Medicine 2019

About the Editor in Chief: W. David Hardy, MD, currently serves as Adjunct Professor of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and lives in Washington, D.C. His previous professional experience includes serving as Senior Director of Research at Whitman-Walker Health in D.C. (2015-2018), Chief Medical Officer of Calimmune, a translational science company investigating gene-modified cellular therapies as a potential cure for HIV (2013-2015) and Director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Professor of Medicine at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA (2002-2013). Early in the AIDS epidemic, he completed a clinical fellowship in infectious diseases/immunology and clinical research at the UCLA School of Medicine under the direction of Dr Michael Gottlieb, the physician who recognized and reported the first cases of AIDS. Later he also completed a laboratory fellowship in molecular retrovirology with Irvin Chen, PhD at UCLA. Dr. Hardy has cared for persons with HIV infection since 1982 and conducted research on HIV and related diseases since 1984. Dr Hardy currently serves as Chair of the Board of Directors of the HIV Medicine Association (HIVMA) and Chair of the Education Committee of the American Academy of HIV Medicine (AAHIVM). He has worked with several community-based organizations, including AIDS Research Alliance, Alliance for Housing and Healing, Being Alive-Empowering People with HIV/AIDS, Project Angel Food and AIDS Project Los Angeles. About the American Academy of HIV Medicine (AAHIVM): The American Academy of HIV Medicine is a professional organization that supports the HIV practitioners and promotes accessible, quality care for all Americans living with HIV disease. The AAHIVM membership of HIV practitioners and credentialed providers give direct care to the majority of HIV patients in the US. The Academy's HIV-focused professional certifications are the first and only credentials offered domestically and internationally to physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and pharmacists specializing in advanced level HIV care. The HIV Specialist (AAHIVS) credential is available to practicing frontline clinical providers, while the HIV Expert (AAHIVE) designation can be earned by non-practicing clinicians.

List of contributors

CME credit for Fundamentals of HIV Medicine 2019

1 Epidemiology and the Spread of HIV
Philip Bolduc, Benjamin Alfred, Babafemi Onabanjo

2 The Origin, Evolution, and Epidemiology of HIV-1 and HIV-2
Jeffrey T. Kirchner

3 Mechanisms of HIV Transmission
Puja Nambiar and William R. Short

4 HIV Transmission Prevention
Carolyn Chu and Christopher M. Bositis

5 Immunology
Dennis J. Hartigan-O'Connor and Christian Brander

6 HIV Cure Strategies
Boris Juelg and Rajesh Gandhi

7 HIV Testing and Counseling
Alejandro Delgado and Hojoon You

8 Laboratory Testing Strategies Detection and Diagnosis
Jessica A. Meisner and Kevin Alby

9 The Medical History and Physical Examination of the Patient with HIV
Hans P. Schlecht and Daniel J. Skiest

10 Initial Laboratory Evaluation and Risk Stratification of the Patient with HIV
Hans P. Schlecht and Daniel J. Skiest

11 Recognition of Acute and Advanced HIV Infection
Hans P. Schlecht and Daniel J. Skiest

12 Health Maintenance
Jonathan Appelbaum, Michelle K. Haas, Christopher Brendemuhl, Jason V. Baker, and Anthony C. Speights

13 Issues in Specific Patient Populations
Gary F. Spinner, Joseph A. Church, Renata Arrington-Sanders, Aroonsiri Sangarlangkarn, Paul W. DenOuden, Madeline B. Deutsch, Daniel Wlodarczyk, Barry Zevin, Rachel A. Prosser, and Vishal Dahya

14 Complementary and Alternative Medicine/Integrative Medicine Approaches
Kalpana D. Shere-Wolfe

15 HIV Care Coordination
Sally Spencer Long ANP and Daniel J. Skiest

16 The Pharmacist's Role in Caring for HIV-Positive Individuals
Jennifer Cocohoba

17 The Role of the Physician Assistant and the Nurse Practitioner in Caring for the Persons Living with HIV (PLWH)
D. Trew Deckard

18 Hospice and Palliative Care in Advanced HIV Disease
Paul W. DenOuden

19 HIV Virology
Poonam Mathur and Bruce L. Gilliam

20 Principles of Applied Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Antiretroviral Therapy
Neha Sheth Pandit and Emily L. Heil

21 Classes of Antiretrovirals
David E. Koren

22 Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy What to Start with
Saira Ajmal and Zelalem Temesgen

23 HIV-1 Resistance to Antiretroviral Drugs
Tamara Bininashvili, Quentin Doperalski, and Naiel Nassar

24 Managing the Patient with Multidrug-Resistant HIV
Quentin Doperalski, Tamara Bininashvili, and Naiel Nassar

25 Future Antiretrovirals, Immune-Based Strategies, and Therapeutic Vaccines
Niyati Jakharia, Adrian Majid, Bruce L. Gilliam, and Rohit Talwani

26 Solid Organ Transplantation in Persons Living with HIV
Eurides Lopes and Jennifer Husson

27 Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnant Women
William R. Short and Jason J. Schafer

28 Antiretroviral Therapy for Children and Newborns
Karin Nielsen-Saines

29 Immunosuppressants and Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Transplant Patients
Carolyn Kramer and Emily Blumberg

30 Understanding and Managing Antineoplastic and Antiretroviral Therapy
Jason J. Schafer, Elizabeth M. Sherman, Taylor K. Gill, and Jatandra Birney

31 Substance Abuse in HIV Populations
Elizabeth David, John P. Casas and Rakel Beall Wilkins

32 Understanding the Use of Antiretrovirals in the Aging Patient
Brandon H. Samson and James D. Scott

33 Opportunistic Infections
Lisa Armitige and Karen J. Vigil

34 Malignant Diseases in HIV
Eva Clark and Elizabeth Chiao

35 Dermatologic Complications
Kudakwashe Mutyambizi

36 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Rajagopal V. Sekhar

37 Non-Opportunistic Infections Respiratory Complications
Karen J. Vigil

38 Psychiatric Illness and Treatment in HIV P opulations
Elizabeth David and Rakel Beall Wilkins

39 Neurolocical Effects of HIV Infection
Rodrigo Hasbun, Richard Dunham, Rituparna Das, Karen Nunez-Wallace, Lydia J. Sharp, Doris Kung, and Joseph S. Kass

40 HIV and Hepatitis Coinfection
Ana Monczor, Margaret Hoffman-Terry, and Karen J. Vigil

41 Ocular Complications
James P. Dunn

42 Cardiovascular Disease
David A. Wohl and Jeffrey T. Kirchner

43 Renal Complications
Steven Menez, Derek M. Fine, and Sana Waheed

44 Body Composition Changes, Frailty, and Musculoskeletal Complications of HIV
Amanda L. Willig and Edgar T. Overton

45 Sexual Transmitted Diseases
Karen J. Vigil

46 HIV and Bone Health
Edgar Turner Overton

47 HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy and Lipoatrophy
Rajagopal V. Sekhar

48 Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS)
Dagan Coppock and William R. Short

49 US Health Care Systems, HIV Programs, and Coverage Policy Issues
Anna Forbes, MSS and Bruce J. Packett, II

50 Legal Issues
Jeffrey T. Schouten

51 Research Design and Analysis
Christian B. Ramers

52 Ethical Conduct of Clinical Trials, Institutional Review Boards, Informed Consent, and Financial Conflicts of Interest
Christian B. Ramers

Index