Neurointensive Care

Hemanshu Prabhakar is Professor in Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India. He received his training in neuroanaesthesia and completed his PhD from the same institute. He is recipient of the AIIMS Excellence Award 2012 for notable contribution in academics. He has more than 250 publications in national and international journals to his credit. He is a reviewer for various national and international journals. He is also a review author for the Cochrane Collaboration and has special interest in evidence-based practice of neuroanaesthesia. He is a member of various national and international neuroanaesthesia societies and Secretary of the Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care. He is an invited faculty for various national and international conferences. He is on the Editorial Board of Indian Journal of Palliative Care and is the Executive Editor of Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care.

Foreword by JL Vincent
Preface
Acknowledgements


1 Introduction and history of Neurointensive Care
PART 1
Basic principles of Neurointensive Care
2 Cerebral blood flow and dynamics
3 Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics
4 Intracranial pressure
Postoperative Care
5 Postoperative care of neurosurgical patients
Clinical monitoring
6 Hemodynamic monitoring
7 Respiratory monitoring
8 Intracranial pressure monitoring
9 Cerebral oxygenation
10 Cerebral metabolism
11 Electrophysiological monitoring
12 Neuroimaging
13 Use of Ultrasound
Pharmacological Care
14 Sedation and analgesia
15 Osmotherapy agents
16 Vasoactive drugs
17 Anticonvulsants
18 Corticosteroids
19 Anticoagulants
20 Muscle relaxants
21 Antibiotics
Fluids and dyselectrolytemia
22 Fluid management
23 Dyselectrolytemias: Water and electrolyte management
Neurological Care
24 Altered mental status
25 Intracranial Hypertension
26 Cerebral oedema
27 Hydrocephalus
28 Vasospasm
29 Pneumocephalus
30 Central nervous system infections
31 Brain protective strategies
Metabolic care
32 Glycaemic Control
33 Arterial blood gas analysis
34 Fever
35 Hypothermia
Respiratory Care
36 Respiratory Care of neurologic patients
Cardiovascular care
37 Cardiovascular care of neurologic patients
Renal Care
38 Acute kidney injury
39 Renal replacement therapy
Haematological Care
40 Anaemia
41 Coagulopathy
42 Blood transfusion
43 Deep Vein Thrombosis
Endocrinal care
44 Endocrine care of neurologic patient
Neuromuscular Care
45 Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy
Gastrointestinal care
46 Gastrointestinal Bleeding
47 Gastrointestinal dysfunction and Ileus
48 Feeding - calculations, types and complications
49 Immunonutrition
Psychological care
50 Neuropsychological Assessment in the Neurointensive Care Setting: A Time Based Approach
51 Assessment & Management of Delirium in Medical Practice
52 Cognitive dysfunctions in psychiatric and neurological conditions
Ethical Care
53 End of life care
54 Brain death
55 Organ donation
Palliative Care
56 Palliative Care of neurologic patients
Nursing Care and Physiotherapy
57 Nursing care
58 Physiotherapy
Clinical procedures in neuro-ICU
59 Arterial and Venous access
60 Fibreoptic bronchoscopy and bronchial lavage
61 Intra-parenchymal ICP catheter insertion
62 External ventricular drainage systems
63 Lumbar drainage system
64 Subdural Evacuating Port System (SEPS) Placement for Chronic Subdural Hematoma Evacuation
65 Percutaneous tracheostomy
66 Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
67 Evaluation of Intracranial pressure using bedside ultrasonography: Estimation of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter (ONSD)
68 Echocardiography and Ultrasound in Neuro ICU
69 Cervical Spine Fixation with the Halo Brace
PART 2
Case management
70 Adult traumatic brain injury
71 Paediatric traumatic brain injury
72 Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
73 Status Epilepticus
74 Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
75 Intracerebral hemorrhage
76 Acute ischaemic stroke - Hemispheric Middle cerebral artery stroke
77 Acute ischaemic stroke - Basilar Artery Stroke
78 Myasthenia gravis
79 Guillain Barré syndrome
80 Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome
81 Cerebral venous thrombosis
82 Spinal cord injury
83 ICU acquired muscle weakness
84 Appendix
Scales and Scores