Personality Disorders

Rainer Sachse, PhD, is Head of the Institute for Psychological Psychotherapy (IPP) in Bochum, Germany. He studied psychology from 1969 to 1978 at the Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany, and went on to gain his doctorate in psychology and a postdoctoral qualification for a full professorship, and later becoming a professor of clinical psychology and psychotherapy. At the end of the 1990s, Prof. Sachse developed a dual action theory of personality disorder which led to the creation of clarification-oriented psychotherapy, a therapy approach which he continues to use and develop today. His main areas of interest are personality disorders, psychosomatics, clarification-oriented psychotherapy, and behavioral therapy, and he has written extensively about these themes.

Foreword
1 Essential Basic Concepts of Personality
Disorders
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Term Personality Disorder
1.3 Style and Disorder
1.4 Making Diagnoses
1.5 Resources
1.6 Personality Disorders as Relationship
Disorders
1.7 Therapist Expertise
1.8 Relevance of DSM and ICD
2 Characteristics of Personality Disorders
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Ego-Syntony and Ego-Dystony
2.3 Motivation for Change
2.4 Clients Are Motivated to Seek a Particular
Relationship
2.5 Interaction Maneuvers
2.6 Tests
2.7 Problems Encountered by Therapists
3 What Is Clarification-Oriented
Psychotherapy?
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Aspects of Clarification-Oriented Psychotherapy
3.3 Empirical Findings
4 General Psychological Function Model for
Personality Disorders
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Dual Action Regulation Model
5 Diagnostic Features of Personality
Disorders
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Relationship Motives
5.3 Dysfunctional Schemas
5.4 Compensatory Schemas
5.5 Interaction Games
5.6 General Model and Specific Disorders
6 Therapeutic Strategies for Clients With
PD: Consequences of the Model
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Therapy Phases
6.3 Therapeutic Strategies for Phase 1: Model
and Relationship
6.4 Therapeutic Strategies in Phase 2: Game
Level and Tests
6.5 Therapeutic Strategies in Phase 3: Clarification
of Schemas
6.6 Therapeutic Strategies in Phase 4: Working
Through Schemas
6.7 Therapeutic Strategies in Phase 5:
Transfer
7 Types of Personality Disorders
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Pure and Hybrid Personality Disorders
7.3 Proximity and Distance Disorders
7.4 Differences Between Proximity and Distance
Disorders
7.5 Further Specific Therapy Approaches
7.6 Overview of Disorders
8 Narcissistic Personality Disorder
8.1 Description and Types of NPD
8.2 Definition of NPD, Based on Dual Action
Regulation Model
8.3 Therapeutic Strategies
9 Histrionic Personality Disorder
9.1 Description and Types of HPD
9.2 Definition of HPD, Based on Dual Action
Regulation Model
9.3 Therapeutic Strategies for HPD in General
9.4 Processing Alienation
9.5 Therapeutic Strategies for UHPD
10 Dependent Personality Disorder
10.1 Description of DPD
10.2 Definition of DPD, Based on Dual Action
Regulation Model
10.3 Therapeutic Strategies
11 Avoidant Personality Disorder
11.1 Description of AvPD
11.2 Definition of AvPD, Based on Dual
Action Regulation Model
11.3 Therapeutic Strategies
12 Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
12.1 Description of PAPD
12.2 Definition of PAPD, Based on Dual
Action Regulation Model
12.3 Therapeutic Strategies
13 Schizoid Personality Disorder
13.1 Description of SzPD
13.2 Definition of SzPD, Based on Dual Action
Regulation Model
13.3 Therapeutic Strategies
14 Obsessive-Compulsive Personality
Disorder
14.1 Description of OCPD
14.2 Definition of OCPD, Based on Dual
Action Regulation Model
14.3 Therapeutic Strategies
15 Paranoid Personality Disorder
15.1 Description of PPD
15.2 Definition of PPD, Based on Dual Action
Regulation Model
15.3 Therapeutic Strategies