Rheumatological Examination of Injection Techniques

Part 1 Introduction: The Normal Joint. Development of Locomotor Structures, Joint Tissues, Functional/Anatomical Considerations, Classifications of Joints, Normal Ageing Changes: Clinical Examination, The History. General Enquiry (Age, Sex, Race), Locomotor Symptoms, Patterns of Onset/Distribution: Clinical Examination, Principles of Examination. Signs, Systems of Examination, Functional Assessment, Recording Information: Typical Patterns of Abnormailty. Synovitis, Mechanical Joint Damage, Tenosynovitis, Lo Bursitis/Enthesopathy, Generalized Hypermobility, Fibromyalgia. Part 2 Specific Regions: Development and Developmental Abnormalities, Basic Anatomy/Function/Normal Appearance and Landmarks, Patterns of Pain Distribution/Referred Pain, Inspection at Rest/Movement, Local Characteristics of Joint Disease and Periarticular Syndromes, Local Articular/Periarticular Injection Sites/Landmarks: The Shoulder Girdle (To Include Sternoclavicular, Acromioclavicular, Glenohumeral Joints), The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints, The Wrist, The Hand, The Pelvic Girdle (To Include the Sacro-Iliac Joint), The Hip, The Knee, The Ankle and Foot, The Neck and Back, The Temporomandibular Joint, Posture and Gait. Part 3 Examination of Joint Fluids: Principles of Aspiration/Injection Technique: Examination of Synovial Fluid. Macroscopic Feature (Viscosity, Colour, Turbidity), Transportation for Culture, Microscopy (Cells, Crystals/Particles).