Medical Imaging for the Health Care Provider

Theresa M Campo DNP, APRN, FAANP, FAAN is Chair of the Department of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and the Director of the Emergency Nurse Practitioner Track as well as Associate Clinical Professor at Drexel University. Clinically, she is board certified as a Family Nurse Practitioner and Emergency Nurse Practitioner, and works part-time as a nurse practitioner in Southern New Jersey. Theresa received her Doctor of Nursing Practice from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. She earned her Master of Science in Nursing, Family Nurse Practitioner, from Widener University in Chester Pennsylvania. Theresa has over 30 years of experience in emergency medicine, including pre-hospital, emergency department/quick care, and trauma. Dr. Campo is a founding Board Member of the American Academy of Emergency Nurse Practitioners, a national organization. She is a national and international lecturer on emergency and urgent care topics. Dr. Campo is the Author of, "Medical Imaging for the Health Care Provider: Practical Radiograph Interpretation" and has authored several book chapters and peer-reviewed articles. Theresa was inducted as a Fellow of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) in 2015 and Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing in 2017. She has received the alumni award for excellence from Case Western Reserve University and the state award of excellence from AANP.

Contents


Reviewers


Foreword by David Begleiter, MD


Preface


Acknowledgments


Unit I: Introduction to Medical Imaging Including Radiographs, CT, Nuclear Scans, MRIs, and Ultrasonography


1. Radiology Basics


History of Radiology


Factors Affecting Images


Conclusion


Resources


2. Radiating Testing Modalities


Radiographs


Computed Tomography (CT)


Nuclear Scanning


Conclusion


Resources


3. Nonradiating Testing Modalities


Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)


Ultrasonography


Considerations When Ordering Diagnostic Medical Imaging


Conclusion


Resources


Unit II: Interpreting Chest and Abdominal Radiographs


4. Basic Interpretation of the Chest


Radiographic Densities


Adequacy of Radiographs


Pediatric Considerations (Comparison of Adult and Infant/Child)


Mediastinal Width


Conclusion


Resources


5. Abnormalities Found on Radiographs of the Chest


Atelectasis


Pulmonary Edema


Pleural Effusion


Interpretation of Infiltrates and Consolidation


Pneumothorax


Tension Pneumothorax


Pneumomediastinum


Hyperaeration


Masses and Tumors


Conclusion


Resources


6. Basic Interpretation of the Abdomen


Interpretation and Normal Findings


Free Air and Air–Fluid Levels


Calcifications


Foreign Bodies


Dilated Small Bowel


Dilated Large Bowel and Megacolon


Conclusion


Resources


Unit III: Interpretation of Extremity Radiographs


7. Basic Interpretation of Long Bone—Upper Extremity Radiographs


Normal


Abnormalities of the Upper Extremity


Bone Lesions


Conclusion


Resources


8. Basic Interpretation of Long Bone—Lower Extremity Radiographs


Normal


Describing Fractures


Pediatric Considerations


Abnormalities of the Lower Extremity


Conclusion


Resources


Unit IV: Interpretation of Spine Radiographs


9. Basic Interpretation of Cervical Spine Radiographs


Normal


Abnormalities


Conclusion


Resources


10. Basic Interpretation of Thoracic Spine Radiographs


Normal


Abnormalities


Conclusion


Resources


11. Basic Interpretation of Lumbar Spine Radiographs


Normal


Abnormalities


Conclusion


Resources


Index