Bladder Cancer

Seth P. Lerner, Professor of Urology and Beth and Dave Swalm Chair in Urologic Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA   Mark P. Schoenberg, MD, Professor and University Chair, The Department of Urology, The Montefiore Medical Center & The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA  Cora N. Sternberg, Chief, Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy and Adjunct Professor at La Sapienza University in Rome.

List of contributors vii

Preface xii

Acknowledgments xiii

Part I: Diagnosis and treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

1 Pathology 3
Hikmat Al-Ahmadie and Donna E. Hansel

2 Risk stratification of high]grade Ta CIS and T1 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder 18
Tobias Klatte, Fred Witjes, Gary Steinberg, and Shahrokh F. Shariat

3 Utility of urine biomarkers 26
Derya Tilki and Alexandre R. Zlotta

4 Novel endoscopic techniques for the detection of bladder cancer 39
Ayman Soubra, Joseph C. Liao, and Badrinath Konety

5 Transurethral resection of bladder tumors 51
Jen-Jane Liu and Mark P. Schoenberg

6 Intravesical chemotherapy 64
Levent N. Türkeri, M.Guillaume Wientjes, and Jessie L.S. Au

7 Intravesical immunotherapy 76
Nilay M. Gandhi, Laura A. Bertrand, Donald L. Lamm, and Michael A. O’Donnell

8 HGT1 bladder cancer: Diagnosis and treatment 89
J.M. Gaya, J. Palou, and Edward M. Messing

9 What to do when bacillus Calmette-Guérin fails 98
Massimiliano Spaliviero, Guido Dalbagni, and Matthew Nielsen

Part II: T2–4

10 Selection and perioperative management of patients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary reconstruction 111
Robert S. Svatek and Alon Z. Weizer

11 Radical cystectomy: Techniques and outcomes 127
Siamak Daneshmand and Seth P. Lerner

12 Cystectomy in the female patient 144
Ryan Werntz, Georgios Gakis, Theresa Koppie, and Arnulf Stenzl

13 Laparoscopic/robotic radical cystectomy and urinary diversion: Outcomes 156
Kristina Wittig, Kevin Chan, Mark Kawachi, and Timothy G. Wilson

14 Robotic assisted radical cystectomy and urinary diversion: Clinical trials 167
George J.S. Kallingal, Angela B. Smith, Raj S. Pruthi, and Dipen J. Parekh

15 Role of extended lymphadenectomy 176
Eugene K. Cha, George N. Thalmann, and Bernard H. Bochner

16 Management of the urethra in the cystectomy patient 184
Kamal S. Pohar and Norm D. Smith

17 The role of radical cystectomy in patients with unresectable or regionally metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder 190
Scott Delacroix Jr, Nathan Lawrentschuk, and Ashish M. Kamat

Part III: Primary bladder-sparing therapy

18 Radical transurethral resection 201
Eduardo Solsona and Harry W. Herr

19 Partial cystectomy 212
Ahmed Haddad, Yair Lotan, and Arthur I. Sagalowsky

20 Integrating chemotherapy and radiotherapy for bladder cancer 221
Lior Z. Braunstein, William U. Shipley, Nicholas D. James, Andrea B. Apolo, and Jason A. Efstathiou

Part IV: Urinary tract reconstruction

21 Orthotopic neobladder 235
Eila C. Skinner

22 Continent cutaneous diversion 244
Andreas Neisius and Joachim W. Thüroff

23 Non]continent urinary diversion 258
Michael Rink, Fredrik Liedberg, and Margit Fisch

Part V: Treatment of regionally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer

24 Molecular determinants of chemotherapy response 273
Matthew I. Milowsky, Peter H. O’Donnell, Thomas W. Flaig, and Dan Theodorescu

25 Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer 284
David I. Quinn and Cora N. Sternberg

26 Adjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer 295
André P. Fay, Jeffrey J. Leow, and Joaquim Bellmunt

27 Treatment of metastatic bladder cancer 304
Gopa Iyer, Fabio Calabró, and Dean F. Bajorin

28 Treatment of poor risk patients 320
Maria De Santis and Matthew D. Galsky

Part VI: Genomics and the current status of urothelial cancer

29 Molecular events in muscle]invasive bladder cancer development 329
Jonathan Rosenberg, William Y. Kim, Jaegil Kim, and David J. Kwiatkowski

30 Cancer stem cells and intrinsic subtypes in bladder cancer 342
Keith Syson Chan and David J. McConkey

31 Multi-targeted agents in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma 353
Noah M. Hahn, Colin P.N. Dinney, and Guru Sonpavde

Part VII: Optimizing healthcare delivery

32 Patient navigation and cancer navigator programs 365
Scott M. Gilbert and Michael Porter

33 Impact of health services on compliance and outcomes 375
Heather Honoré Goltz, Marc A. Kowalkowski, G. John Chen, and David M. Latini

34 Quality of life and survivorship 384
Nihal E. Mohamed and Cheryl T. Lee

35 Bladder cancer: Healthcare delivery and third party payers 395
Seth A. Strope and John L. Gore

36 Bladder cancer patient advocacy: Creating partnerships to advance patient care research and clinical trials 402
Diane Zipursky Quale and Rick Bangs

Index 409