Blood Vessels and Lymphatics (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Blood Vessels and Lymphatics 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 12
Contributors 6
Preface 10
PART ONE: General Considerations of the Circulation of the Blood 22
Chapter I. ARTERIAL AND ARTERIOLAR SYSTEMS: Embryology and Gross, Microscopic and Submicroscopic Anatomy 24
A. EMBRYOLOGY 24
B. GROSS ANATOMY 30
C. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 33
REFERENCES 45
Chapter II. ARTERIAL AND ARTERIOLAR SYSTEMS: Biophysical Principles and Physiology 47
D. BIOPHYSICAL PRINCIPLES 47
E. PHYSIOLOGY 82
REFERENCES 92
Chapter III. ARTERIAL AND ARTERIOLAR SYSTEMS: Pharmacology and Biochemistry 98
F. PHARMACOLOGY 98
G. BIOCHEMISTRY 103
REFERENCES 112
Chapter IV. SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF ARTERIAL TREE 117
A. CENTRAL NERVOUS CONTROL OF VASOMOTOR MECHANISMS 117
B. PERIPHERAL VASOMOTOR MECHANISMS 126
C. MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF VASCULAR TONE 141
REFERENCES 147
Chapter V. MICROCIRCULATION 155
A. INTRODUCTION 155
B. METHODOLOGY 156
C. STRUCTURAL BASIS OF THE MICROCIRCULATION 158
D. PHYSIOLOGY 166
REFERENCES 174
Chapter VI. MICROCIRCULATION 178
E. EXCHANGE OF MATERIALS ACROSS CAPILLARY WALL 178
F. PRESENT CONCEPTS OF THE VASCULAR ENVIRONMENT 185
G. PATHOLOGY OF THE MICROCIRCULATION 191
REFERENCES 202
Chapter VII. VENOUS SYSTEM 213
A. EMBRYOLOGY 213
B. PHYSIOLOGY 218
C. PHARMACOLOGY 230
D. BIOCHEMISTRY 232
REFERENCES 233
PART TWO: Special Vascular Beds 240
Chapter VIII. CIRCULATION TO THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD 242
A. EMBRYOLOGY 242
B. GROSS ANATOMY 251
C. SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 254
D. AGING CHANGES 260
E. PHYSIOLOGY 262
F. PHARMACOLOGY 267
G. PATHOLOGY 270
REFERENCES 274
Chapter IX. CORONARY CIRCULATION 279
A. EMBRYOLOGY 279
B. GROSS ANATOMY 283
C. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 285
D. AUTONOMIC INNERVATION 288
E. PHYSIOLOGY 290
F. PHARMACOLOGY 295
G. PATHOLOGY 301
REFERENCES 308
Chapter X. PULMONARY CIRCULATION 313
A. EMBRYOLOGY 313
B. GROSS ANATOMY 315
C. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 320
D. PHYSIOLOGY 327
E. PHARMACOLOGY 331
REFERENCES 334
Chapter XI. GASTROINTESTINAL CIRCULATION 339
A. EMBRYOLOGY 339
B. GROSS ANATOMY 341
C. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 351
D. PHYSIOLOGY 354
E. PHARMACOLOGY 361
REFERENCES 362
Chapter XII. HEPATOPORTAL-LIENAL CIRCULATION 366
A. EMBRYOLOGY 366
B. GROSS ANATOMY 370
C. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 381
D. PHYSIOLOGY 393
E. PHARMACOLOGY 401
REFERENCES 403
Chapter XIII. RENAL CIRCULATION 409
A. EMBRYOLOGY 409
B. GROSS ANATOMY 411
C. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 416
D. PHYSIOLOGY 427
E. PHARMACOLOGY 432
F. PATHOLOGY 434
REFERENCES 443
Chapter XIV· THE BLOOD VESSELS OF THE PITUITARY AND THE THYROID 449
1. The Pituitary 449
A. INTRODUCTION 449
B. EMBRYOLOGY 450
C. ARTERIAL SUPPLY AND SYSTEMIC VENOUS DRAINAGE 454
D. HYPOPHYSEAL PORTAL SYSTEM 457
E. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 460
F. MICROCIRCULATION 466
2. The Thyroid 470
A. INTRODUCTION 470
B. GROSS ANATOMY 470
C. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 473
D. MICROCIRCULATION 479
REFERENCES 481
Chapter XV. PLACENTAL CIRCULATION 486
A. INTRODUCTION 486
B. GROSS ANATOMY 486
C. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 495
D. PHYSIOLOGY 498
E. PHARMACOLOGY 501
REFERENCES 503
Chapter XVI. CUTANEOUS CIRCULATION 507
A. EMBRYOLOGY 507
B. ANATOMY 510
C. PHYSIOLOGY 516
D. PHARMACOLOGY 521
E. PATHOLOGY 524
REFERENCES 528
Chapter XVII. CIRCULATION IN SKELETAL MUSCLE 533
A. INTRODUCTION 533
B. EMBRYOLOGY 533
C. GROSS ANATOMY 536
D. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 539
E. PHYSIOLOGY 542
F. PHARMACOLOGY 544
G. PATHOLOGY 547
REFERENCES 549
Chapter XVIII. CIRCULATION OF BONE 552
A. EMBRYOLOGY 552
B. ANATOMY 553
C. PHYSIOLOGY 565
D. PHARMACOLOGY 568
E. PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOLOGY 569
REFERENCES 571
PART THREE: Disorders Affecting the Arterial or Venous Circulation 576
Chapter XIX. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS: 1. Atherosclerosis 2. Mönckeberg's Sclerosis
1. Atherosclerosis 578
A. INTRODUCTION 578
B. EXPERIMENTAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS 579
C. PATHOGENETIC FACTORS 584
D. ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS 587
E. GROSS CHANGES 593
F. MICROSCOPIC AND SUBMICROSCOPIC CHANGES 597
G. BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES 604
2. Mönckeberg's Sclerosis 608
A. DEFINITION 608
B. PATHOGENESIS 609
C. GROSS CHANGES 609
D. MICROSCOPIC CHANGES 610
REFERENCES 613
Chapter XX. CONDITIONS AFFECTING BLOOD PRESSURE 616
1. Arterial Hypertension 616
A. ETIOLOGY 616
B. PATHOGENESIS 617
C. GROSS AND MICROSCOPIC CHANGES 627
2. Shock 638
A. HISTORICAL RÉSUMÉ 638
B. PRESENT-DAY CONCEPTS OF SHOCK 639
C. REGIONAL CHANGES 640
D. STATUS OF IRREVERSIBILITY 643
REFERENCES 646
Chapter XXI. PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISORDERS 654
1. Vascular Anomalies Due to Developmental Defects 654
A. CONGENITAL ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA 654
B. GLOMUS TUMOR 659
C. HEMANGIOMA 661
D. TELANGIECTASIA 667
2. Thromboangiitis Obliterans 669
A. INTRODUCTION 669
B. ETIOLOGY 670
C. PATHOLOGY 671
3. So-called Collagen or Systemic Connective Tissue Diseases 675
A. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 675
B. SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS 679
C. POLYARTERITIS NODOSA 682
D. PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS (PSS) 686
E. DERMATOMYOSITIS 689
F. OTHER LESS COMMON DISORDERS 690
4. RaynaucTs Disease 691
A. INTRODUCTION 691
B. ETIOLOGY 692
C. PATHOGENESIS 692
D. PHARMACOLOGIC RESPONSES 692
E. PATHOLOGY 693
REFERENCES 695
Chapter XXII. ABNORMALITIES OF THE VENOUS SYSTEM 701
A. STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS 701
B. INFLAMMATION AND THROMBOSIS 705
REFERENCES 717
PART FOUR: Lymphatic System 720
Chapter XXIIL LYMPHATIC VESSELS AND LYMPH 722
A. EMBRYOLOGY 722
B. GROSS ANATOMY 724
C. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY 729
D. PHYSIOLOGY 730
E. FORMATION OF LYMPH 735
REFERENCES 738
Chapter XXIV. LYMPHATIC DISORDERS 740
A. INTRODUCTION 740
B. CONGENITAL LYMPHATIC ABNORMALITIES 742
C. LYMPHEDEMA PRAECOX 748
D. OBSTRUCTIVE LYMPHEDEMA 750
E. INFLAMMATORY LYMPHEDEMA 754
F. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 758
G. LYMPHANGIOMAS 760
H. LYMPHANGIOSARCOMA IN CHRONIC LYMPHEDEMA 766
REFERENCES 769
AUTHOR INDEX 776
SUBJECT INDEX 806