Biological Aspects of Freshwater Pollution (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Biological Aspects of Freshwater Pollution 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 8
Chapter 1. Studies on the Effects of Pollution on Freshwater Fish 12
ABSTRACT 12
INTRODUCTION 12
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE WFRL/WRC FISH SECTION 13
REFERENCES 24
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 29
Chapter 2. Zooplankton Ecology and Pollution Studies 30
ABSTRACT 30
KEYWORDS 30
INTRODUCTION 30
TOXICITY TESTING AND BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS 32
EFFECTS OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 33
POLLUTION EFFECTS 38
REFERENCES 43
Chapter 3. 
50 
ABSTRACT 50
INTRODUCTION 50
SAPROBIC. SYSTEMS 52
OTHER SYSTEMS OF INDICATOR ORGANISMS 71
DIVERSITY INDICES 78
CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 81
REFERENCES 84
Chapter 4. 
88 
ABSTRACT 88
INTRODUCTION 88
SEDIMENT COMPOSITION AND EUTROPHICATIDN 89
SEDIMENT CORE ANALYSIS 91
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 100
REFERENCES 100
APPENDIX 102
Chapter 5. 
104 
ABSTRACT 104
INTRODUCTION 104
TROPHIC STATE INDEX AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY 106
VERTICAL TRANSPORT 112
SEDIMENT-WATER INTERACTION 116
CONCLUSIONS 118
Acknowledgement 120
REFERENCES 120
Chapter 6. 
122 
ABSTRACT 122
KEYWORDS 122
1. EUTROPHICATION IN RIVERS 122
2. THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL RIVERS IN EXPERIMENTAL RIVER ECOLOGY 123
3. THE IMPLICATION OF ESSENTIAL METALS IN EUTROPHICATION 125
4. THE EFFECT OF A STANDARD MIXTURE OF ESSENTIAL METALS ON ALGAL BENTHOS 128
5. THE SEPARATION OF THE EFFECT OF IRON FROM THE EFFECT OF THE OTHER ELEMENTS 132
6. THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF AN INTERACTION BETWEEN PHOSPHORUS AND IRON 132
7. THE EFFECTS OF COPPER AND MANGANESE SUPPLIED SEPARATELY 134
8. THE RECOVERY FROM METAL STRESS 135
9. OUTLOOK 136
REFERENCES 139
Chapter 7. 
140 
ABSTRACT 140
INTRODUCTION 140
METAL POLLUTION IN INLAND WATERS 140
METAL SPECIES IN FRESHWATER 146
HEAVY METALS IN FRESHWATER SEDIMENTS 149
HEAVY METALS IN AQUATIC LIFE 159
REFERENCES 165
Chapter 8. 
174 
ABSTRACT 174
KEYWORDS 174
INTRCDOCTION 174
GENERAL CRITERIA OF RADIATION .....C...N 175
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 176
PHENCMENA CAPABLE OF INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTIOIN OF RADIONUCLIDES WITHIN THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 180
CRITICAL PARAMETERS 184
DOSE EVALUATION .ND DISCHARGE LIMITS 186
REFERENCE 188
Chapter 9. 
190 
ABSTRACT 190
KEYWORDS 190
REFERENCES 206
Chapter 10. 
210 
ABSTRACT 210
INTRODUCTION 210
TREATMENT OP DOMESTIC SEWAGE 211
TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS 214
INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS 215
EXHAUST AIR TREATMENT BY WET METHODS 222