Editors

WON KIM, MD

Resident Physician, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

ANTONIO DE SALLES, MD, PhD

Head of Stereotactic Surgery Section, Professor of Neurosurgery, Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Chief, HCor Neuroscience, Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil

NADER POURATIAN, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Departments of Neurosurgery and Bioengineering; Brain Research Institute; Director, UCLA Neuromodulation Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Authors

JOSHUA P. ARONSON, MD

Neurosurgical Resident, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

NICHOLAS AUYONG, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

AUSAF BARI, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

HOWARD JAY CHIZECK, ScD

Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

IAN A. COOK, MD

Director, UCLA Depression Research and Clinic Program, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Professor of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering at UCLA, Los Angeles, California

ROB DALLAPIAZZA, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia

ANTONIO DE SALLES, MD, PhD

Head of Stereotactic Surgery Section, Professor of Neurosurgery, Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; HCor Neuroscience, Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil

MILIND DEOGAONKAR, MD

Associate Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

ANGELA DOWNES, MD

Department of Neurosurgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida

W. JEFF ELIAS, MD

Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia

EMAD N. ESKANDAR, MD

Director of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Professor, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

RANDALL ESPINOZA, MD, MPH

Medical Director, Electroconvulsive Therapy Program, Resnick Neuropsychiatric Hospital at UCLA, Associate Director, UCLA Longevity Center, Semel Institute for Neurosciences and Human Behavior at UCLA; Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California

ITZHAK FRIED, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

ALESSANDRA A. GORGULHO, MD, MSc

Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; HCor Neuroscience, Hospital do Coração, São Paulo, Brazil

ADAM O. HEBB, MD, FRCSC, FAANS

Visiting Assistant Professor, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neurosurgeon, Colorado Brain and Spine Institute, Member, Colorado Neurological Institute, University of Denver, Englewood, Colorado

KATHRYN L. HOLLOWAY, MD

Professor and Director of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery, Parkinson's Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Care Center, McGuire VA Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

FORREST JELLISON, MD

Fellow in Division of Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Urology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

HUSAM A. KATNANI, PhD

Research Fellow, Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

JA-HONG KIM, MD

Assistant Professor, Division of Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Urology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

WON KIM, MD

Resident Physician, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

SCOTT KRAHL, PhD

Departments of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; VA Great Los Angeles Healthcare Hospital, Los Angeles, California

JEAN-PHILIPPE LANGEVIN, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, Greater LA VA Healthcare, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

PAUL S. LARSON, MD

Associate Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco; Chief, Neurosurgery, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California

AARON LAVIANA, MD

Resident Physician in Department of Urology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

JEAN-JACQUES LEMAIRE, MD, PhD

Service of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; EA 7292 (Image-Guided Clinical Neuroscience and Connectomics), Auvergne University, France

SCOTT F. LEMPKA, PhD

Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio

ANDREW F. LEUCHTER, MD

Director, Laboratory of Brain, Behavior, and Pharmacology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California

ROBERT M. LEVY, MD, PhD

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida

DANIEL C. LU, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

ANDRE MACHADO, MD, PhD

Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio

MOHAMMAD H. MAHOOR, PhD

Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Denver, Englewood, Colorado

CHARLES MATLACK, MS

Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

M. SEAN MCKISIC, MD

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia

KELLY A. MILLS, MD

Movement Disorders Fellow, UCSF Department of Neurology, PADRECC, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California

NINA Z. MOORE, MD, MSE

Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio

TIANYI NIU, MD

Department of Neurosurgery, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

JILL L. OSTREM, MD

Associate Professor of Neurology and Medical Director, Surgical Movement Disorders Center, UCSF Department of Neurology, PADRECC, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California

JULIO L.B. PEREIRA, MD

Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

NADER POURATIAN, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Departments of Neurosurgery and Bioengineering; Brain Research Institute; Director, UCLA Neuromodulation Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

BINIT SHAH, MD

Assistant Professor of Neurology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia

KONSTANTIN V. SLAVIN, MD, FAANS

Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

PHILIP A. STARR, MD, PhD

Professor in Residence of Neurological Surgery; Dolores Cakebread Endowed Chair, UCSF Department of Neurosurgery; Surgical Director, PADRECC, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco,...