Diagnosis & Treatment of Uveitis

C Stephen Foster MD FACS FACR Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution (MERSI), Cambridge, MA, USA Albert T Vitale MD John A Moran Eye Center & Redwood Health Center, Salt Lake City, USA  

Section 1: Basic Principles



Introduction • The Uvea: Anatomy, Histology and Embryology • Definition, Classification, Etiology and Epidemiology • General Principles and Philosophy



 



Section 2: Principles of Diagnosis and Therapy



Diagnosis of Uveitis • Imaging Studies for Uveitis • Treatment of Uveitis—Overview • Corticosteroids • Mydriatic and Cycloplegic Agents • Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs • Immunosuppressive Chemotherapy • Diagnostic Surgery • Therapeutic Vitreoretinal Surgery • Clinical Trials and Evidence-based Medicine in the Medical Management of Uveitis



 



Section 3: The Uveitis Syndromes— Infectious



Syphilis • Borreliosis • Bartonella • Tuberculosis • Leptospirosis • Brucellosis • Ocular Whipple’s Disease • Rickettsial Diseases • Ocular Leprosy • Herpes viruses • Emergent Viral Infections • Rift Valley Fever • Measles • Rubella • Presumed Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome • Candidiasis • Coccidioidomycosis • Cryptococcosis • Sporotrichosis • Toxoplasmosis • Other Vector-Borne Parasitic Infections • Free-living Amebas and Amebiasis • Giardia Lamblia • Trypanosomiasis • Pneumocystosis • Ocular Toxocariasis • Ascariasis • Onchocerciasis • Loiasis • Cysticercosis • Diffuse Unilateral Subacute Neuroretinitis • Schistosomiasis • Ophthalmomyiasis • Ophthalmia Nodosa • Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated Uveitis



 



Section 4: The Uveitis Syndromes— Masquerade Syndromes



Masquerade Syndromes: Malignancies • Masquerade Syndromes: Endophthalmitis • Nonmalignant, Noninfectious Masquerade Syndromes



 



Section 5: The Uveitis Syndromes— Autoimmune



Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus • Scleroderma • Giant Cell Arteritis • Adamantiades-Behçet’s Disease • Polyarteritis Nodosa • Granulomatosis with Polyangitis (Wegener) (GPA) • Polychondritis • Fuchs’ Heterochromic Iridocyclitis • Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald Criteria • Sarcoidosis • Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome • Birdshot Retinochoroidopathy • Sympathetic Ophthalmia • Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease • Multifocal Choroiditis and Panuveitis • Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome • Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy • Acute Retinal Pigment Epitheliitis • Serpiginous Choroiditis • Subretinal Fibrosis and Uveitis Syndrome • Punctate Inner Choroiditis:Diagnosis and Management • Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy • Lens-Induced Uveitis • Retinal Vasculitis • Intermediate Uveitis



 



Section 6: Other



Medication-Induced Uveitis • Pediatric Uveitis • Pregnancy and Uveitis • Traumatic Uveitis