Cellular and Molecular Alterations in the Failing Human Heart

Sarcolemma and phosphodiesterases.- Receptor systems in the nonfailing human heart.- Changes in the receptor-G protein-adenylyl cyclase system in heart failure from various types of heart muscle disease.- Quantification of Gia-proteins in the failing and nonfailing human myocardium.- Regulation and possible functional implications of G-protein mRNA expression in nonfailing and failing ventricular myocardium.- Phosphodiesterase inhibition and positive inotropy in failing human myocardium.- Cardiovascular cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and their role in regulating cardiovascular function.- Na, K-ATPase expression in normal and failing human left ventricle.- Excitation-contraction coupling and contractile proteins.- Structural and functional diversity of human ventricular myosin.- Contractile protein function in failing and nonfailing human myocardium.- Troponin T isoform expression in the normal and failing human left ventricle: A correlation with myofibrillar ATPase activity.- Effects of different expression and posttranslational modifications of myosin light chains on contractility of skinned human cardiac fibers.- Responsiveness of the myofilaments to Ca2+ in human heart failure: Implications for Ca2+ and force regulation.- The regulation of the human ? myosin heavy-chain gene.- Mutations in cardiac myosin heavy-chain genes cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.- The membrane proteins of the overloaded and senescent heart.- Contraction frequency dependence of twitch and diastolic tension in human dilated cardiomyopathy.- Alterations of the force-frequency relationship in the failing human heart depend on the underlying cardiac disease.- Pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy and failure of human working myocardium: Abnormalities in calcium handling.-Ca2+-currents and intracellular [Ca2+]I,-transients in single ventricular myocytes isolated from terminally failing human myocardium.- Dynamic calcium requirements for activation of human ventricular muscle calculated from tension-independent heat.- The calcium-release channel from cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum: Function in the failing and acutely ischaemic heart.- Immune-mediated modulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum function in human dilated cardiomyopathy.- Calcium uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum and its modulation by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation in normal and failing human myocardium.- Contractile proteins and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase gene expression in the hypertrophied and failing heart.- Extracellular matr.- Factors associated with reactive and reparative fibrosis of the myocardium.- The extracellular matrix in the failing human heart.- Mitochondrial function.- Dysfunction of the ADP/ATP carrier as a causative factor for the disturbance of the myocardial energy metabolism in dilated cardiomyopathy.- Adenine nucleotide metabolism and contractile dysfunction in heart failure - Biochemical aspects, animal experiments, and human studies.- Achievements of the Symposium.- Cellular and molecular alterations in the failing human heart.