Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Pain by Medical, Interventional, and Integrative Approaches

Timothy S. Deer, MD President and CEO The Center for Pain Relief Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology West Virginia University School of Medicine Charleston, WV   USA    Michael S. Leong, MD Clinic Chief Stanford Pain Management Center Redwood City, CA Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Anesthesiology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA   USA   Asokumar Buvanendran, MD Professor Department of Anesthesiology Rush Medical College Director Orthopedic Anesthesia Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL   USA   Vitaly Gordin, MD Associate Professor Associate Vice Chair of Pain Management Department of Anesthesiology Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Director, Pain Medicine Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Hershey, PA   USA   Philip S. Kim, MD Medical Director Center for Interventional Pain and Spine Newark, DE   USA Center for Pain Management Bryn Mawr Hospital Bryn Mawr, PA   USA   Sunil J. Panchal, MD President National Institute of Pain Tampa, FL   USA   Albert L. Ray, MD Medical Director The LITE Center Clinical Associate Professor University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami, FL   USA

Part I. Medical Approaches.- 1.  A Survey of Systems Involved in Nociceptive Processing.- 2. Pharmacogenomics of Pain Management.- 3. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs.- 4. The Role of Antidepressants in the Treatment of Chronic Pain.- 5. Anticonvulsant Medications for Treatment of Neuropathic and “Functional” Pain.- 6. NMDA Receptor Antagonists in the Treatment of Pain.- 7. Role of Muscle Relaxants in the Treatment of Pain.- 8. Topical Analgesics.- 9. Sleep Aids.- 10. Clinical Use of Opioids.- 11. Opioid Adverse Effects and Opioid-Induced Hypogonadism.- 12. Acute Management of the Opioid-Dependent Patient.- 13. Opioids and the Law.- 14. Methadone for Chronic Pain.- 15. Toxicology Screening for Opioids.- 16. Monitoring Drug Use and Abuse: The Evolution of a Paradigm.- 17. Polypharmacy and Drug Interaction.- 18. Role of Cannabinoids in Pain Management.- 19. The Future of Pain Pharmacotherapy.- Part II. Interventional Approaches: Anatomy and Physiology of Pain.- 20. Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology of Pain.- 21. Spinal Targets for Interventional Pain Management.- 22. Functional Anatomy and Imaging of the Spine.- Part III. Interventional Approaches: Neural Blockade and Neurolysis Blocks.- 23. Local Anesthetics.- 24. Neurolytic Agents.- 25. Cryoanalgesia.- 26. Radiofrequency: Conventional and Pulsed.- 27. Atlanto-Axial and Atlanto-Occipital Joints Injection in the Treatment of Headaches and Neck Pain.- 28. Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block.- 29. Occipital Nerve Block.- 30. Neural Blockade for Trigeminal Neuralgia.- 31. Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block.- 32. Cervical Plexus Block.- 33. Stellate Ganglion Blockade.- 34. Epidural (Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Caudal) Block/Injections.- 35. Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections.- 36. Facet Injections and Radiofrequency Denervation.- 37. Intercostal Nerve Blocks.- 38. Intrapleural Catheters.- 39. Epidural Lysis of Adhesions: Percutaneous and Endoscopic Techniques.- 40. Thoracic and Lumbar Sympathetic Nerve Block andNeurolysis.- 41. Celiac Plexus, Splanchnic Nerve Block, and Neurolysis.- 42. Superior Hypogastric Plexus, Ganglion Impar Blocks, and Neurolysis.- 43. Peripheral Neurolysis.- 44. Central Neuraxial Neurolysis.- 45. Provocative Discography.- 46. Brachial Plexus Block.- 47. Suprascapular Nerve Block.- 48. Intradiscal Annuloplasty for the Treatment of Discogenic Pain.- 49. Percutaneous Disc Decompression.- 50. The Racz Procedure: Lysis of Epidural Adhesions (Percutaneous Neuroplasty).- 51. Sacroiliac Joint Injection and Radiofrequency Denervation.- 52. Vertebral Augmentation: Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty.- 53. Piriformis Injection.- 54. Botulinum Toxin in the Management of Painful Conditions.- 55. Emerging Imaging Tools for Interventional Pain.- Part IV. Interventional Approaches: Neuromodulation.- 56. A History of Neurostimulation.- 57. Stimulation of the Peripheral Nerve and Peripheral Nerve Field.- 58. Spinal Cord Stimulation.- 59. Brain Stimulation for Pain.- 60. Motor Cortex Stimulation.- 61. Intrathecal Drug Delivery for Control of Pain.- 62. Clinical Applications of Neuromodulation: Radicular Pain and Low Back Pain.- 63. Clinical Applications of Neuromodulation: Neurostimulation for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.- 64. Clinical Applications of Neuromodulation: Section on Angina and Peripheral Vascular Disease.- 65. Clinical Applications of Neuromodulation: Spinal Cord Stimulation for Abdominal Pain.- 66. Cost-Effectiveness of Interventional Techniques.- 67. Neurosurgical Techniques for Pain Management.- 68. Spinal Cord Stimulation in the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia.- 69. Complications of Interventional Pain Management Techniques.- Part V. Integrative Approaches.- 70. Pain as a Perceptual Experience.- 71. Neuroplasticity, Sensitization, and Pain.- 72. Muscle Pain Treatment.- 73. Addictive Disorders and Pain.- 74. The “Five-Minute” Mental Status Examination of Persons with Pain.- 75. The Psychological Assessment of Patients with Chronic Pain.- 76.Psychological Therapies.- 77. Billing Psychological Services for Patients with Chronic Pain.- 78. Hypnosis and Pain Control.- 79. Acupuncture.- 80. Manual Therapies.- 81. Treatment of Chronic Painful Musculoskeletal Injuries and Diseases with Regenerative Injection Therapy (RIT): Regenerative Injection Therapy Principles and Practice.- 82. Interdisciplinary Functional Restoration and Pain Programs.- 83. Pain and Spirituality.- 84. Pain Disparity: Assessment and Traditional Medicine.- 85. Sleep and Chronic Pain.- 86. Empowerment: A Pain Caregiver’s Perspective.- 87. Patient and Caregiver’s Perspective.- 88. Pain Medicine in Older Adults: How Should It Differ?.- 89. Pain Medicine and Primary Care: The Evolution of a Population-Based Approach to Chronic Pain as a Public Health Problem.- 90. Pain Care Beyond the Medical Practice Office: Utilizing Patient Advocacy, Education, and Support Organizations.- 91. Neonatal Pain.- 92. Assessing Disability in the Pain Patient.- 93. The Double Effect: In Theory and in Practice.- 94. Failure to Treat Pain.