Bioceramics (eBook)

Joon Park is a Professor in the Biomedical Engineering Department at the College of Engineering at the University of Iowa.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents Pages

CHAPTER 1

Introduction 1-1


Problems 1-6
Symbols and Definitions 1-7
References 1-9

CHAPTER 2 STRUCTURE OF CERAMICS


2.1. Atomic Bonding and Arrangement 2-1
2.2. Characterization of Microstructure 2-4
2.3. Quantitative Analysis of Microstructure 2-6
2.4 MICROSTRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF SINGLE-PHASE 2-8
Problems 2-27
Symbols and Definitions 2-29
References 2-32

CHAPTER 3 CHARACTERIZATION OF CERAMICS AND GLASSES


3.1. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 3-1
3.2. STRENGTHENING OF CERAMICS AND GLASSES 3-7
3.3. WEIBULL STATISTICS OF BRITTLE FAILURE 3-8
3.4. IMPACT STRENGTH, HARDNESS, FRICTION, AND WEAR PROPERTIES 3-10
3.5 THERMAL PROPERTIES (PHASE CHANGES) 3-12

3.5.1. Single-Component Systems: Allotropy 3-12
3.5.2. Composition and Phase Stability 3-14
3.5.3. Mechanism of Phase Changes 3-17
3.6. SURFACE PROPERTIES 3-20
Problems 3-61
Symbols and Definitions 3-63
References 3-66

CHAPTER 4 GLASS FORMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION


4.1. GLASS FORMATION 4-1
4.2. NUCLEATION AND GLASS FORMATION 4-2
4.3. STRENGTH OF GLASSES 4-3
4.4. STATIC FATIGUE OF GLASSES 4-4
Problems 4-15
Symbols and Definitions 4-16
References 4-18

CHAPTER 5 HARD TISSUES STRUCTURE, PROPERTY, HEALING, REMODELING, AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY


5.1 STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS 5-1

5.1.1 Proteins 5-2

5.1.la. Collagen 5-2
5.1.lb. Elastin 5-3
5.1.2. Polysaccharides 5-4
5.2. STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIP 5-3

5.2.l Composition and Structure 5-4
5.2.2 Mechanical Properties 5-6
5.2.3 Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Bone 5-7
5.3 Hard Tissue Healing and Remodeling Problems 5-10

5.3.1. Wound Healing Process of Hard Tissues 5-10
5.3.2 Bone Remodeling 5-11
5.4 BIOCOMPATIBILITY 5-13
Problems 5-45
Symbols and Definitions 5-46
References 5-48

CHAPTER 6 ALUMINUM OXIDES (ALUMINA)


6.1 Source, Composition and Structure 6-1
6.2 Mechanical Properties 6-2
6.3 Fatigue Properties and Service Life 6-4
6.4. Applications 6-6

6.4.1 Joint Replacements 6-6
6.4.2 Dental Implants 6-7
6.5 FURTHER THOUGHTS 6-8
Problems 6-29
Symbols and Definitions 6-32
References 6-34

CHAPTER 7 ZIRCONIUM OXIDES (ZIRCONIA)

7.1 Source and manufacturing of zirconia 7-1
7.2 structure and Properties of zirconia 7-1
7.3 long term stability and implant design 7-4
7.4 FURTHER THOUGHTS 7-8
Problems 7-43
Symbols and Definitions 7-43
References 7-45

CHAPTER 8 GLASS-CERAMICS


8.1 FORMATION OF GLASS-CERAMICS 8-1
8.2. PROPERTIES OF GLASS-CERAMICS 8-3

8.2.1. Mechanical Properties 8-3
8.2.2. Chemical Properties 8-3
8.3. COATINGS AND COMPOSITES 8-4
8.4. FURTHER THOUGHTS 8-4
Problems 8-16
Symbols and Definitions 8-17
References 8-18

CHAPTER 9 HYDROXYAPATITE


9.1 SOURCE, COMPOSITION AND STRCUTURE 9-1
9.2 PROPERTIES OF HYDROXYAPATITE 9-3

9.2.1. Mechanical Properties 9-3
9.2.2. Chemical Properties 9-5
9.3 APPLICATIONS 9-5
9.4. FURTHER THOUGHTS 9-7
Problems 9-25
Symbols and Definitions 9-26
References 9-28

CHAPTER 10 CARBONS AND DLC


10.1 SOURCE AND STRUCTURE OF CARBONS 10-1
10.2 PROPERTIES OF CARBONS 10-3
10.3 MANUFACTURING OF CARBON IMPLANTS 10-3
10.4 Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Coatings 10-5

10.4.1 Composition and Structure of DLC Coatings 10-5
10.4.2 Methods of Producing DLC Coatings