New Aspects in Regional Anesthesia 4

I Tachyphylaxis in Long-Term Epidural Analgesia.- Tachyphylaxis in Regional Anesthesia: Can we Reconcile Clinical Observations and Laboratory Measurements?.- No Tachyphylaxis with Prolonged, Continuous Bupivacaine.- Tachyphylaxis and Local Anesthetics.- Clinical Observations of Tachyphylaxis During Long-Term Epidural Analgesia.- Experimental Tachyphylaxis: Development of a Continuous Epidural Dog Model.- Pharmacologic Regulation of Local Anesthetic Conduction Block by Cyclic AMP.- Panel Discussion: Tachyphylaxis and Local Anesthetics.- II Hypotension Induced by Major Conduction Blocks.- Pathophysiology of Hypotension Induced by Spinal/Epidural Analgesia.- Vasovagal Syncope and Spinal Anesthesia: A Psychophysiologic Phenomenon.- Direct Vascular Effects of Some Local Anesthetics: A Mechanical and Electrophysiological Study.- Subarachnoid Block Spares Visceral Blood Flow and Drug Elimination Capacity.- Severe Hypotension and Major Conduction Anesthesia.- Hemodynamic Effects of Different Vasopressors (Etilefrine, Norfenefrine, Akrinor, Amezinium Metilsulfate) During Hypotension Caused by Epidural Anesthesia.- Blood Volume Distribution Under the Influence of Dihydroergotamine (Dihydergot) and Etilefrine Hydrochloride (Effortil) During Epidural Anesthesia.- Hemodynamic Effects and Mechanism of Action of Dihydroergotamine in Epidural Anesthesia.- Panel Discussion: Hypotension Associated with Local Anesthetics.- III Epidural and Intrathecal Opioids in Acute and Chronic Pain Treatment.- Epidural Opioids in Postoperative Pain Treatment.- Potentiation of Opiates Administered by the Intraventricular Route.- Influence of Epidural Opiates on Postoperative Morbidity and Endocrine-Metabolic Changes.- Experimental Studies of Urodynamic and Respiratory Changes Following Epidural Morphine.- Hyperbaric Intratheeal Morphine for Parturients with Toxemia.- Epidural Lofentanil for Pain Relief in Labor.- Epidural Opiate Analgesia Via Implantable, Continuous Low-Flow Pump for Cancer Pain.