Probiotics

Martin H. Floch, MD, MACG, FACP, AGAF is a graduate of New York University, has a master's degree from the University of New Hampshire in Durham, and received his MD from New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY. He completed his residency at Beth Israel Hospital, New York and gastroenterology training at the former Seton Hall College of Medicine, South Orange, NJ. He is a Master of the American College of Gastroenterology, and a Fellow of the American College of Physicians, as well as the American Gastroenterology Association. Dr. Floch has had numerous NIH grants at Yale University, New Haven and Norwalk Hospital, Norwalk, CT. He was Chairman of Internal Medicine at Norwalk Hospital from 1970 to 1994, and founding Chief of Gastroenterology and Nutrition at Norwalk Hospital, which he assumed after founding the Norwalk Medical Group. Presently Dr. Floch is Chief of Ambulatory Gastroenterology at Yale New Haven Hospital and sees patients as well as teaches at the Yale Medical Group, Digestive Disease Section. In addition to his clinical responsibilities, Dr. Floch is conducting research on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diverticulitis, and probiotics. A registry for IBS patients has been formed and there will be several trials of the effects of probiotics on IBS patients. Dr. Floch is renowned for his work in probiotics, and has lectured on the subject at numerous universities and medical centers in this country and internationally. Adam S. Kim, MD was raised in the suburbs of Minneapolis, Minnesota and is currently a gastroenterologist working in the Twin Cities area with Minnesota Gastroenterology, PA. He received his bachelor’s degree at Colorado College in Colorado Springs. He then attended medical school at the University of Minnesota, where he studied the intestinal flora and its role in disease and health. Dr. Kim completed his Internal Medicine Internship and Residency at Hennepin County Medical Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He then went on to complete his Gastroenterology Fellowship at Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut. During his time at Yale University, Dr. Kim became increasingly interested in the use of probiotics and started collaborating with Dr. Martin Floch on how best to use probiotics in clinical medicine.

Contents Dedication About the Editors Contributing AuthorsPreface Introduction Section I: BASIC PHYSIOLOGY Chapter 1 Intestinal MicroecologyMartin H. Floch, MD, MACG, FACP, AGAF Chapter 2 Intraluminal DefensesAilsa Hart, PhD and Siew C. Ng, PhD Chapter 3 Barrier Function and the Immune ResponseKaren L. Madsen, PhD Chapter 4 Probiotics and the Allergic ResponseErika Isolauri, MD, PhD; Samuli Rautava, MD, PhD; Kirsi Laitinen, PhD; and Seppo Salminen, PhD Chapter 5 Quantification and Identification of Probiotic Organismsin HumansIan M. Carroll, PhD; Tamar Ringel-Kulka, MD, MPH; and Yehuda Ringel, MD Chapter 6 Nutrients to Nourish the Organisms: Prebiotics and FiberHarry J. Flint, BSc, PhD and Sylvia H. Duncan, BSc, PhD Chapter 7 Fermentation and the Effects of Probiotics on Host MetabolismGeorge T. Macfarlane, BSc, PhD; Sandra Macfarlane, BSc, PhD;and Katie L. Blackett, BSc, PhD Chapter 8 Use of Probiotic Yogurts in Health and DiseaseMary Ellen Sanders, PhD and Daniel Merenstein, MD Chapter 9 Single and Multiple Probiotic Organisms in Therapy of DiseasePramod Gopal, PhD and Gerald W. Tannock, PhD Chapter 10 Development of Cultured Dairy Probiotic Food ProductsMiguel Freitas, PhD Section II: USE IN CLINICAL MEDICINE Chapter 11 Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics in ChildrenJose M. Saavedra, MD, FAAP and Anne M. Dattilo, PhD, RD, CDE Chapter 12 Neonatal Necrotizing EnterocolitisErika C. Claud, MD and W. Allan Walker, MD Chapter 13 The Role of Probiotics in Diarrheal DiseasesStefano Guandalini, MD Chapter 14 Probiotics and Their Role in Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Clostridium difficile InfectionLaurel H. Hartwell, MD and Christina M. Surawicz, MD, MACG Chapter 15 Use of Probiotics in the Treatment and Prevention ofSurgical InfectionsNada Rayes, MD; Peter Neuhaus, PhD; and Daniel Seehofer, MD Chapter 16 Allergic DiseasesShira Doron, MD and Sherwood L. Gorbach, MD Chapter 17 Treatment of Ulcerative ColitisKaren Kroeker, MD, FRCP(C) and Levinus A. Dieleman, MD, PhD Chapter 18 Probiotic Treatment in CrohnÆs DiseaseKaren Kroeker, MD, FRCP(C) and Richard N. Fedorak, MD, FRCP(C) Chapter 19 Probiotics and PouchitisMario Guslandi, MD, FACG Chapter 20 Irritable Bowel SyndromeEamonn M. M. Quigley, MD, FRCP, FACP, FACG, FRCPI Chapter 21 Use of Probiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Radiation EnteritisGiuseppe Famularo, MD, PhD; Vito Trinchieri, MD; Luciana Mosca, PhD; and Giovanni Minisola, MD Chapter 22 Probiotics and Helicobacter pyloriAdam S. Kim, MD Chapter 23 Probiotics in Liver DiseaseAdam S. Kim, MD and Anish Sheth, MD Chapter 24 Probiotics Use in Bacterial Vaginosis and Vulvovaginal CandidiasisPaola Mastromarino, PhD; Beatrice Vitali, PhD; and Luciana Mosca, PhD