SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP System Administration

Frank Foese has worked as a technology and performance consultant at SAP Deutschland AG & Co. KG in Ratingen, Germany, since 2001. His support work focuses on the areas of system analysis and system tuning, sizing for SAP landscapes, and performance optimization in complex applications. He's the manager of the Performance Focus Group of SAP Deutschland, an expert community that deals with performance problems concerning SAP solutions. Even before finishing his degree in industrial engineering, Frank worked with SAP technology. After he graduated, he worked at a medium-sized pharmaceutical enterprise as an SAP system administrator. Sigrid Hagemann joined SAP Deutschland AG & Co. KG in Bensheim, Germany, in 2001, where she supports customers as business enterprise principal consultant in the IT management and technology consulting areas. Her tasks focus on consulting with SAP customers to optimize the operation of their SAP-centric system landscapes. The mathematics graduate began working with SAP technology in 1993 when she took on a role in the Fujitsu Siemens Competence Center in Walldorf, Germany. Liane Will has been working in the Active Global Support department at SAP AG since 1998. She gained her experience in the system operation of SAP solutions by supporting customers in solving problems and establishing best practices in system operation. She manages a team that focuses on the implementation and optimization of the application lifecycle management based on SAP Solution Manager. Based on her extensive support experience, she's already the author of a number of books (published by SAP PRESS) on best practices in system administration. Before she joined SAP, Liane developed SAP support tools for databases.

1 Architecture of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP ... 25
... 1.1 ... Components of SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP ... 25
... 1.2 ... Client/Server Architecture in SAP NetWeaver ... 27
... 1.3 ... Access over the Internet ... 32
... 1.4 ... Presentation Layer ... 39
... 1.5 ... Application Layer ... 44
... 1.6 ... Database Layer ... 51
... 1.7 ... Network ... 54
... 1.8 ... Operating System ... 55
... 1.9 ... Tips ... 59
... 1.10 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 59
... 1.11 ... Additional Documentation ... 59
... 1.12 ... Questions ... 60

2 Process Concept of SAP NetWeaver Application Server ABAP ... 63
... 2.1 ... Dialog Processing ... 63
... 2.2 ... Background Processing ... 65
... 2.3 ... Updating ... 90
... 2.4 ... Lock Management ... 104
... 2.5 ... Output Processing ... 117
... 2.6 ... SAP Virtual Machine Container (VMC) ... 148

3 Getting Started ... 153
... 3.1 ... Starting SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and Java ... 153
... 3.2 ... Stopping SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP and Java ... 155
... 3.3 ... Logging the Startup Process ... 156
... 3.4 ... SAP GUI The Graphical User Interface ... 163
... 3.5 ... General Administration Tasks ... 165
... 3.6 ... Tips ... 177
... 3.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 177
... 3.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 178
... 3.9 ... Questions ... 179

4 Setting Up the System Landscape ... 181
... 4.1 ... Tasks of a System Landscape ... 182
... 4.2 ... Initializing the Transport System ... 186
... 4.3 ... Configuring the Transport Management System ... 190
... 4.4 ... Transport Control Program tp ... 203
... 4.5 ... Tips ... 205
... 4.6 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 205
... 4.7 ... Additional Documentation ... 205
... 4.8 ... Questions ... 206

5 Client Administration ... 209
... 5.1 ... Default Clients and Users ... 210
... 5.2 ... Creating New Clients ... 213
... 5.3 ... Local Copying ... 220
... 5.4 ... Remote Copy ... 226
... 5.5 ... Client Transport ... 229
... 5.6 ... Special Functions ... 238
... 5.7 ... Tips ... 239
... 5.8 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 242
... 5.9 ... Additional Documentation ... 243
... 5.10 ... Questions ... 243

6 Software Logistics ... 245
... 6.1 ... Implementation Guide ... 245
... 6.2 ... Processing Objects ... 250
... 6.3 ... Importing Transport Requests ... 270
... 6.4 ... Manual Operation of the Transport Control Program tp ... 273
... 6.5 ... Installing Support Packages and Industry Solutions ... 275
... 6.6 ... Tips ... 279
... 6.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 280
... 6.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 281
... 6.9 ... Questions ... 282

7 Maintaining Instances ... 285
... 7.1 ... Profile Maintenance ... 285
... 7.2 ... Operation Modes ... 297
... 7.3 ... Control Panel ... 304
... 7.4 ... Dynamic User Distribution ... 305
... 7.5 ... RFC Server Groups ... 308
... 7.6 ... Tips ... 312
... 7.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 313
... 7.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 314
... 7.9 ... Questions ... 314

8 SAP Users and Authorizations ... 315
... 8.1 ... Basic Principles ... 315
... 8.2 ... User Maintenance ... 316
... 8.3 ... Authorizations ... 326
... 8.4 ... Personal Settings ... 345
... 8.5 ... Internet Users ... 346
... 8.6 ... Information About Users and Authorizations ... 348
... 8.7 ... Central User Administration ... 351
... 8.8 ... Directory Services ... 357
... 8.9 ... Tips ... 357
... 8.10 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 358
... 8.11 ... Additional Documentation ... 360
... 8.12 ... Questions ... 360

9 System Monitoring ... 363
... 9.1 ... Server and Process Overviews ... 363
... 9.2 ... User Overviews ... 371
... 9.3 ... System Log ... 373
... 9.4 ... Analysis of Runtime Errors ... 375
... 9.5 ... Trace Files ... 377
... 9.6 ... Lock Entries ... 380
... 9.7 ... Performance Monitoring ... 382
... 9.8 ... Database Administration ... 385
... 9.9 ... Overview of Regular Tasks ... 389
... 9.10 ... Administration of the Integrated Internet Transaction Server (ITS) ... 391
... 9.11 ... Internet Communication Manager Administration ... 396
... 9.12 ... System Administration Assistant ... 401
... 9.13 ... SAP NetWeaver Administrator (NWA) ... 403
... 9.14 ... Tips ... 408
... 9.15 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 409
... 9.16 ... Additional Documentation ... 412
... 9.17 ... Questions ... 413

10 Tools for Creating and Analyzing ABAP Programs ... 415
... 10.1 ... The New ABAP Editor ... 415
... 10.2 ... The New ABAP Debugger ... 420
... 10.3 ... Runtime Analysis ... 425
... 10.4 ... Performance Trace ... 431
... 10.5 ... Tips ... 437
... 10.6 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 437
... 10.7 ... Additional Documentation ... 438

11 Monitoring Architecture ... 439
... 11.1 ... Alert Monitor ... 440
... 11.2 ... Customizing the Alert Monitor ... 452
... 11.3 ... Analyzing Alert Monitors ... 461
... 11.4 ... Setting Up a Central Monitoring-System (CEN) ... 462
... 11.5 ... Customizing Examples ... 464
... 11.6 ... Tips ... 472
... 11.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 474
... 11.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 474
... 11.9 ... Questions ... 476

12 Data Archiving ... 477
... 12.1 ... Archive Development Kit (ADK ... 478
... 12.2 ... Customizing ... 483
... 12.3 ... Control and Evaluation ... 491
... 12.4 ... Tips ... 493
... 12.5 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 495
... 12.6 ... Additional Documentation ... 496
... 12.7 ... Questions ... 496

13 Data Distribution and Transfer ... 499
... 13.1 ... RFC Connections ... 500
... 13.2 ... Application Link Enabling ... 507
... 13.3 ... Data Transfer ... 520
... 13.4 ... SAPconnect ... 527
... 13.5 ... SAP NetWeaver Process Integration (SAP NetWeaver PI) ... 530
... 13.6 ... Tips ... 532
... 13.7 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 533
... 13.8 ... Additional Documentation ... 534
... 13.9 ... Questions ... 535

14 Installation Concepts ... 537
... 14.1 ... Preparations ... 537
... 14.2 ... Installation with SAPinst ... 539
... 14.3 ... Post-Installation Actions ... 544
... 14.4 ... Tips ... 549
... 14.5 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 550
... 14.6 ... Additional Documentation ... 551
... 14.7 ... Questions ... 552

15 Service and Support ... 555
... 15.1 ... Overview of SAP Service Marketplace ... 556
... 15.2 ... SAP Solution Manager as a Collaboration Platform ... 558
... 15.3 ... Configuration of the Support Connections ... 565
... 15.4 ... Tips ... 571
... 15.5 ... Transactions and Menu Paths ... 572
... 15.6 ... Additional Documentation ... 572
... 15.7 ... Questions ... 573

Appendices ... 575
... A ... Control Questions and Answers ... 577
... B ... Important Transaction Codes ... 593
... C ... Profile Parameters ... 599
... D ... Menu Structures ... 607
... E ... Glossary ... 619
... F ... References ... 627