Fundamentals of Internet of Things

Sudhir Kumar is currently an Assistant Professor with the Electrical Engineering (EE) department, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, India since May 2017. He received his B.Tech. degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) from West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India, in 2010 and a Ph.D. degree from the Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India, in 2015. He has worked as an Erasmus Mundus Fellow with the Department of Computer Science, the University of Oxford, U.K from October 2014 to July 2015 and a Scientist with TCS Research, Kolkata, India from February 2016 to July 2016. Subsequently, he joined as an Assistant Professor at Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT), Nagpur, India from July 2016 to May 2017. He published more than 50 research articles in prestigious journals, conference proceedings and book chapters. He has also edited a book titled "Innovations in Cyber Physical Systems", led two patents, and undertaken four sponsored projects. His broad research interests include Wireless Sensor Networks, Internet of Things (IoT), Molecular Communications, 6G Wireless Communications Systems, Signal Processing, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning. Dr. Kumar is a recipient of several awards and fellowships, such as the Best Teacher Award in UG Teaching from the EE Department; the best poster paper award at COMSNETS 2021; the CSIR, and SERB International Travel Grants; the National Award from L&T-ISTE for having guided the Best M.Tech. Thesis (Second Prize); the SERB Indo-U.S. Postdoctoral Fellowship, the India-EU Namaste Fellowship; the TCS Research Scholarship; the MHRD Scholarship; the IEEE ICC Student Travel Grant Award; and the COMSNETS Travel Grant. He has guided several B.Tech. and M.Tech. projects which won national awards. He is a member of ACM, a senior member of IEEE, and a life member of ISTE.

1. Things and Internet. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Things. 1.3 Internet. 1.4 Summary. 1.5 Exercises. 2. Standards and Protocols. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 IEEE 802.11 Protocol. 2.3 IEEE 802.15.4 Protocol. 2.4 LoRaWAN Protocol. 2.5 6LowPAN Protocol. 2.6 Application Protocols. 2.7 Summary. 2.8 Exercises. 3. Clustering and Data Fusion. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Clustering Technique. 3.3 Energy Efficient Clustering. 3.4 Sensor Data Fusion. 3.5 Dempster-Shafer Theory for Data Fusion. 3.6 Decision Fusion. 3.7 Summary. 3.8 Exercises. 4. Smart Device Localization. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Taxonomy of Localization Algorithms. 4.3 Distance-based Localization Methods. 4.4 Distance-free Localization Methods. 4.5 Performance Metrics. 4.6 Summary. 4.7 Exercises. 5. Energy Harvesting and Control Optimization. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Energy Harvesting. 5.3 Model Predictive Control. 5.4 Summary. 5.5 Exercises. 6. Things Data Analytics. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Understanding the Buzz Words. 6.3 Supervised Learning. 6.4 Unsupervised Learning. 6.5 Bias and Variance Tradeoff. 6.6 Artificial Neural Networks. 6.7 Evaluation Method. 6.8 Summary. 6.9 Exercises. 7. Fog Computing. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Technologies for Fog Computing. 7.3 Mobility in Fog Framework. 7.4 Fog Orchestration. 7.5 Localization in Fog Computing Framework. 7.6 Task Offloading. 7.7 Summary. 7.8 Exercises. 8. Privacy and Security of Things Data. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Data Privacy. 8.3 Elliptic Curve Cryptography. 8.4 Blockchain. 8.5 Summary. 8.6 Exercises. 9. Applications of IoT. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Smart Healthcare. 9.3 Smart City. 9.4 Summary. 9.5 Exercises