Optimal Strategies in Sports Economics and Management (eBook)

Foreword 7
Preface 9
Contents 10
Contributors 12
Affinity in the Selection of a Player 14
Jaime Gil-Aluja and Anna M. Gil-Lafuente 14
1 Similarities and Affinities 14
2 Affinities with Imprecise Preferences 16
3 Affinity Indexes 18
4 Affinities with Confidence Triplets 19
5 Affinities and Groupings 21
6 Affinities by Distance in an Arborescence 23
7 Affinity in a Layered Graph 26
References 27
Game Systems in Team Sports 28
Jaime Gil-Lafuente 28
1 Concept and Content of Game Systems 28
2 Game Diagrams 29
3 Generalization of the Concepts of Our Diagrams 36
4 Paths and Cuts in Complex Diagrams 37
5 Partial Analysis of a Global Diagram 39
6 Modification of the Diagrams for the Game 42
7 Study of the Game by Zones 43
8 The Function of the Structure of a Game Diagram 44
9 Obtaining Minimum Schemes and Cutsfrom the Functional Structure 48
References 50
The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Sport in North America 52
Brad R. Humphreys 52
1 Introduction 52
2 The Professional Sports Industry in Context 53
2.1 Determinants of Demand for Professional Sports 53
2.2 North American Professional Sports Leagues 54
3 The Dimensions of the Financial and Economic Crisis in North America 58
4 Impacts of the Financial and Economic Crisis 61
4.1 Attendance 61
4.2 Broadcast Revenues and TV Viewing 65
4.3 Franchise Values and Bankruptcy 66
5 Conclusions 68
References 69
Managing and Modeling the Combination of Resources in Professional Sporting Events 71
Lionel Maltese and Lucien Veran 71
1 Introduction 71
2 Transition of the RBV Approach, from an Asset-Based to a Relational Perspective 72
2.1 The ``Management View'': Dynamic Arrangement and Control of Co-specialized Assets 74
2.2 Business Model and Asset Combination 75
3 Method: Three Clinical Studies 76
3.1 The Open13. A Relational Control of Resources Shared with the Main Stakeholders 77
3.2 The BNP Paribas Masters. A Control of Resources, Which Are Not Shared and of Sporting Dependency 82
3.3 Roland Garros Control Through the Brand, Creation, and Maintaining the Dependence of the Main Stakeholders Involved 88
4 What the Clinical Studies Teach Us. Differentiated Combination and Control of an Identical Resource Pool 92
5 Conclusion 94
References 95
Governance and Sporting Success of Top 20 Football Clubs After Economic Crisis 98
Domenico Marino 98
1 Introduction 98
2 The European Market 98
3 The Governance of Sporting Activities 99
4 Baumol's Disease and a Simple Financial Fairplay Rule 100
5 Neural Networks and the Problem of Predicting Sporting Success 101
6 The Results of the Neural Classification and Conclusion 105
References 106
The Stadium Game in an Uncertain Environment: A Preliminary Look at Arena Discourse in Edmonton, Canada 107
Daniel S. Mason 107
1 Introduction 108
2 An Overview of the Stadium Game 109
3 A Proposed Arena Development Project in Edmonton 111
4 Method 113
5 Results 114
5.1 Economic Development 115
5.2 Civic Status 116
5.3 Civic Priorities 119
5.4 Financing 121
5.5 Economic Downturn 125
6 Emerging Frames 126
7 Discussion and Conclusions 128
References 129
A Complex Network Approach to Crisis Recovering in Sport Applications 134
Francesco Carlo Morabito 134
1 Introduction 134
2 Complex Networks: A Short Review 136
2.1 Some Basic Concepts 137
3 Network Economy 143
4 Crisis in the Framework of Complex Networks 146
5 Sport: A Network of Societies and Consumers 147
6 To Escape from Crisis 149
7 Conclusions 149
References 150
A Study of Fairness in Fourball Golf Competition 152
Patrick Siegbahn and Donald Hearn 152
1 Introduction 152
1.1 History of Handicapping 153
1.2 The USGA Handicap System 153
1.3 Team Golf 154
1.4 Assumptions 154
2 Previous Work 155
2.1 Dr. Clyne Soley 155
2.2 Dr. Francis Scheid 155
2.3 Trygve Bogevold and Dr. Richard Stroud 156
3 Data Collection 156
3.1 Data Source: Golfnet 156
3.2 Curve Fitting 156
3.3 Hole by Hole Distributions 157
3.4 Validation 160
4 Method 161
4.1 The Algorithm 161
5 Results 163
5.1 Hypotheses 163
5.2 Testing of the Hypotheses 163
5.3 Variance 164
5.4 Spread 167
5.5 Australian Tiebreaker 170
5.6 Handicap Allowance 173
6 Summary and Conclusion 174
6.1 Variance 174
6.2 Spread 175
6.3 Australian Tiebreaker 175
6.4 Handicap Allowance 175
7 Directions for Future Research and Improvements 175
References 179
Can Subsidies Help Buy Success? Revenue Sharing in English Football 180
Rob Simmons and Ian Walker 180
1 Introduction 180
2 The FA Cup 183
3 Model and Data 185
4 Empirical Results 189
5 Discussion and Conclusions 192
References 193
Commercial Football and the Economic Cycle 195
Stefan Szymanski 195
1 Introduction 195
2 The Economics of Football Management 196
3 The Impact of the Current Financial Crisis 200
4 Trends in Europe Across Time 201
5 Conclusions 204
References 205
Economics of Gambling on Sports: A Multistage Stochastic Programming Approach to American Jai Alai Gambling Strategies 206
Qipeng P. Zheng, Yingyan Lou, and Panos M. Pardalos 206
1 Introduction 206
2 Modeling Randomness in the Game 208
2.1 Game Results Simulation 208
2.2 Payoffs 208
3 Determination of Betting Strategies 209
3.1 Scenario-Based Multistage Stochastic Betting Strategy 209
3.2 Dynamic Programming Formulation and Optimal Policies 214
3.3 Other Betting Strategies 216
4 Numerical Examples 218
5 Conclusion 221
References 221