Fake News Across Asian Countries

Edson C. Tandoc Jr. is President’s Chair Professor of Communication Studies at the Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information (WKWSCI) in Singapore. He is also the founding Director of NTU’s Centre for Information Integrity and the Internet (IN-cube) at Nanyang Technological University (NTU). He is the author of Analyzing Analytics: Disrupting Journalism One Click at a Time (Routledge, 2019) and co-editor of Critical Incidents in Journalism: Pivotal Moments Reshaping Journalism around the World (Routledge, 2020). His studies have focused on the impact of journalistic roles, new technologies, and audience feedback on the news gatekeeping process. He has also looked at how readers make sense of critical incidents in journalism and take part in reconsidering journalistic norms; and how changing news consumption patterns facilitate the spread of fake news.

Section 1: Understanding Fake News

1.1 The Path to Fake News

1.2 Conceptual Considerations

Section 2: The Impact of Fake News

2.1 How Singaporean Teens Assess the Credibility of News and News Sources

2.2 Singaporean Teens’ Awareness and Responses to Fake News

2.3 Parent-Child Relationships and their Attitudes toward Fake News

2.4 Millennials and Boomers: Generational Gaps and Acts of Authentication

2.5 Public Communication in the Age of Fake News

2.6 Journalists and Fake News: The Experience of Filipino and Singaporean Journalists

Section 3: Fake News Across Countries

3.1 Combating Misinformation During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience from China

3.2 Polarization and Misinformation in Hong Kong

3.3 Fake News in Taiwan: How People Authenticate Fact from Fiction

3.4 Perspectives from the Great Steppe: Kazakhstan in the Era of Fake News

3.5 Fake News in India: Superstitions, Myths, and Xenophobia

3.6 The War Against Health-Related Fake News in Thailand

3.7 Fake News in Vietnam: The Bad and The Ugly

3.8 Information Disorder and Fake News in Vietnam: The Endless Combat

3.9 An Outlier in Asia? Why Japanese People Don’t See Fake News as a Serious Threat

3.10 Indonesia’s War on Fake News: Ignoring the Closer Enemies?

3.11 Race, Religion, Politics, and Cybertroopers: Fake News in Malaysia

3.12 Machinery of Disinformation in the 2022 Philippine Elections

3.13 The Weaponization of “Fake News” in South Korea

Section 4: Fighting Fakes

4.1 Disease or Dissent? What Anti-Fake News Laws in South and Southeast Asia Really Aim to Regulate

4.2 Fact-Checking in Asian Countries: Routines, Roles, and Rules

4.3 Debunking Online Falsehoods in India: Risks and Challenges

4.4 Considerations for Crafting a Curriculum for Teenagers to Guard Against Online Falsehoods

Section 5: Looking Forward and Future Challenges

5.1 Social Media and Deepfakes: Examining Public Engagement with Deepfakes

5.2 Deepfake Identification: A Human-Oriented Perspective

5.3 The Path Forward