The Indian Drum of the King-God and the Pakhāvaj of Nathdwara

Paolo Pacciolla is Tagore Fellow affiliated with the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts of New Delhi, where he is conducting research on ritual drumming in Kerala. His main ethnographic focus is on music in India, and his research interests include Ethnomusicology, Organology, Iconography of Music, Indology and Religious Studies.

Chapter One. Introduction

1.1 Background

1.2 Fieldwork among pakhavajis

1.3 Ancient courts: the roots of a musical tradition

1.4 Nathdwara, a contemporary reign of the King-God and his court

1.5 A multidimensional approach

Chapter Two. A drum between courts and temples

2.1 Music, religions, the sacred and the secular in India

2.2 Paramparas and gharanas according to contemporary pakhavaj players

Chapter Three. The pakhavaj in contemporary India and its religious and mythological heritage according to pakhavaj players

3.1 The pakhavaj

3.2 The pakhavaj and the pakhavaj players in the classical music scene of contemporary India

3.3 The pakhavaj heritage according to its players

Chapter Four. Auspicious Drumming

4.1 Auspiciousness

4.2 Auspiciousness and its roots

4.3 The auspicious arts in literature and other textual sources

4.4 Rain on the lotus pond

4.5 Gaja-Lak¿mi

4.6 The cloud-drum

4.7 Rain of blessings

Chapter Five. The drum of the King-God: from m¿da¿ga to pakhavaj

5.1 The socio-historical context of the emergence of the m¿da¿ga as major courtly drum

5.2 The sound of the m¿da¿ga in the aestheticised life of the courts

5.3 Siva, the magnification of the warrior king

5.4 The drum giving voice to death

5.5 Vi¿¿u- K¿¿¿a, the righteous king and the bhakti cults

Chapter Six. From m¿da¿ga to pakhavaj

6.1 The multiplication of m¿da¿gas and the emergence of the pakhavaj

6.2 From m¿da¿ga to pakhavaj and vice versa: making the desi marga and the marga desi

Chapter Seven. The Nathdwara gharana: playing the pakhavaj for Nathji

7.1 Vallabhacarya and the Pu¿¿imarg

7.2 Sri Nathji, the King-God, and his worship

7.3 The role of music and aesthetics in the cult of Pu¿¿imarg

7.4 The family of Purushottam Das

7.5 Pandit Dalchand Sharma and my research

Chapter Eight. The repertoire

8.1 The pakhavaj: facets of its language and playing styles

8.2 Compositional types

8.3 Parans as structures based on geometrical figures

8.4 Parans as prayers

8.5 Parans, images and poetry

8.6 A knowledgeable king of the 20th century and his parans

8.7 The torrent and the rain

Chapter Nine. The solo pakhavaj recital

9.1 The structure of the solo recital

9.2 Lotuses, garlands of flowers and the solo pakhavaj

9.3 The solo recital of the Nathdwara gharana

9.4 Stuti paran

9.5 Madhya lay ka prastar

9.6 Dhenanaka baj

9.7 Paran

9.8 Lay tal torneka kata

9.9 Chandkari

9.10 Thapiya ka baj

9.11 Rela

Conclusion

Glossary

Bibliography

Solo Pakhavaj Recordings