Logic (eBook)

CONTENTS 5
In Memoriam Dr. Don Ferrari 11
Translator’s Introduction 13
Introduction 33
1. Object and Purpose of Logic 33
2. Traditional Logic 50
3. Psychologism 52
4. Logic and Epistemology 57
5. Logic and Phenomenology 59
6. Overview of the Following 61
Part OneThe Theory of the Judgment 63
FIRST CHAPTER Preliminary Considerations 63
1. The Judgment and the Sentence 63
2. The Difference between Sentence and Judgment 65
3. The Relationship between the Judgment and the Assertive Sentence 66
4. The Judgment and the State of Affairs 67
5. The Supposition of the Sentence 69
SECOND CHAPTER 
71 
1. Essential Components of the Judgment 71
2. The Copula-Function 75
THIRD CHAPTER Objects, States of Affairs, and Judgments 79
1. The Judgment and the Domain of Objects 79
2. Division of Judgments According to the Kinds of States of AffairsPosited 79
FOURTH CHAPTER Existential and Impersonal Judgments 85
1. The Existential Judgment 85
2. The So–Called Impersonal or Subjectless Sentences 96
FIFTH CHAPTER The Judgment and Its Claim to Truth 105
SIXTH CHAPTER The So-Called Quality of the Judgment 121
SEVENTH CHAPTER The So-Called Modality of the Judgment 131
EIGHTH CHAPTER The So-Called Relation of the Judgment 141
NINTH CHAPTER The So-Called Quantity of the Judgment and the Possible Forms of theJudgment 153
TENTH CHAPTERTemporal Determination in the Judgment and the ComprehensiveDefinition of the Judgment 169
1. Temporal Determination in the Judgment. 169
2. Comprehensive General Definition of the Judgment 170
Part TwoThe Theory of the Concept 173
[General Remarks] 173
FIRST CHAPTER Concepts, Words, Objects 175
SECOND CHAPTER Content of a Concept 179
THIRD CHAPTER Individual-, Species-, and Genus-Concepts 185
FOURTH CHAPTER General Concepts 191
FIFTH CHAPTER The Extension of a Concept — Content and Extension 195
Content and Extension of a Concept 198
SIXTH CHAPTER Concrete and Abstract Concepts 201
SEVENTH CHAPTER The Definition of Concepts 203
EIGHTH CHAPTER Purely Functioning Concepts 209
NINTH CHAPTER Logically Distinct Kinds of Object-Concepts 217
1. Nominative or Substantive Concepts 217
2. Supplemental Concepts 219
TENTH CHAPTER Relational Concepts 225
ELEVENTH CHAPTER SummaryLaws for the Formation of Concepts and Judgmentsand The Special Function of Concepts in the Judgment 229
The Laws for the Composition of the Concept and the Judgment 229
Possible and Necessary Components of the Judgment 233
The Special Function of Concepts in the Judgment 234
PART THREE The First Principles of Logic 237
[General Remarks] 237
FIRST CHAPTER The Principle of Identity 239
1. The Logical Sense of the Principle of Identity 239
2. The Broadening of the Principle of Identity and Analytical Judgments 249
SECOND CHAPTER The Principle of Contradiction 255
1. The General Principle of Contradiction 255
2. The Special Principle of Contradiction 267
THIRD CHAPTER The Principle of Excluded Middle 273
The Principle of Contradictory Disjunction 279
FOURTH CHAPTER The Principle of Sufficient Reason 281
Special Form of the Principle of Sufficient Reason 293
FIFTH CHAPTERThe First Principles of Logic as Principles about the Truth and Falsityof Judgments 299
PART FOUR The Theory of Inferences 307
Remarks Concerning Inferences in General 307
A. THE THEORY OF IMMEDIATE INFERENCES 315
[General Remarks] 315
FIRST CHAPTER Immediate Inferences Involving Judgments of Different Quantity 317
1. Inferences between Single and Plural Judgments 317
2. Inferences between Singular, Particular, and Universal Judgments:Subalternation 318
3. Inferences between Individual and Species Judgments 320
4. Inferences between Solitary and Collective Judgments 323
SECOND CHAPTER Immediate Inferences Involving Judgments of Different Quality:Opposition 325
THIRD CHAPTER Immediate Inferences Involving Judgments of Different Modality:Inferences of Modal Consequence 331
FOURTH CHAPTER Immediate Inferences Involving Judgments of Different Relation:Inferences Involving Change of Relation 335
FIFTH CHAPTER Immediate Inferences by Reversal of Judgments:Conversion and Contraposition 341
SIXTH CHAPTER Immediate Inferences of Equipollence 349
SEVENTH CHAPTER Materially Conditioned or Nonformal Immediate Inferences 351
EIGHTH CHAPTER Immediate Inferences through the Drawing Out of Judgments Impliedin a Judgment 357
B. THE THEORY OF INDIRECT INFERENCES 359
General Remarks 359
FIRST CHAPTER The Traditional Theory of the Syllogism 361
SECOND CHAPTER The Shortcoming of Traditional Syllogistic Theory 395
THIRD CHAPTER The Drawing of Indirect Inferences from Two Categorical Premises 401
FOURTH CHAPTER The Structure of Categorical Syllogisms 409
1. The “Generality” of the Major Premises in the First Two Figures 409
2. The Syllogism as the Logical Grounding, and the Mere TruthCorrelation, of Judgments 410
3. The Relationship of the Truth and Falsity of the Premises to the Truthand Falsity of the Conclusion 413
4. Some Inferential Mistakes 414
5. Compound Categorical Inferences 415
FIFTH CHAPTER Indirect Inferences Using Hypothetical and Disjunctive Judgments 417
A. Hypothetical Syllogisms 417
B. Disjunctive Inferences 419
SIXTH CHAPTER The Modality of Indirect Inferences 423
SEVENTH CHAPTER Deductive and Inductive Inferences 427
EIGHTH CHAPTER The Analogical Inference 437
NINTH CHAPTER Materially Conditioned or Nonformal Indirect Inferences 439
INDEX 445