The Production of Speech

I Control Processes in Speech Production.- 1 Central Processes Involved in Arm Movement Control.- I Introduction.- II Experiments and Results.- III Conclusion.- References.- 2 Laryngeal Gestures in Speech Production.- I Introduction.- II Basic Laryngeal Gestures.- III Laryngeal Articulatory Adjustments.- IV Conclusion.- References.- 3 Dynamic Characteristics of Voice Fundamental Frequency in Speech and Singing.- I Introduction.- II Fundamental Frequency Contour of Isolated Words.- III Fundamental Frequency Contour of Sentences.- IV Pitch Control in Singing.- References.- 4 The Segmental Organization of Speech.- I Introduction.- II Segments and the Treatment of Time.- III Models of Segmental Organization in Speech.- IV The Nature of Articulatory Variability.- V Segmental Organization in Backward Speech, Developing Speech, and Apraxia of Speech.- VI Conclusion.- References.- 5 Development of Speech Production: Perspectives from Natural and Perturbed Speech.- I Introduction.- II Perceptual Factors.- III Cognitive Factors.- IV Motor Factors.- V Speech Motor Development: Theoretical Issues.- VI A Preliminary Bite Block Study with Two Normal Children.- VII Conclusion.- VIII Discussion of Results.- References.- 6 Sublexical Units and Suprasegmental Structure in Speech Production Planning.- I Introduction.- II Error Evidence on the Nature of Sublexical Computational Units.- III Role of Suprasegmental Structure in Sublexical Serial Order Processing.- IV A Serial Ordering Component in the Production Planning Model.- V Conclusion.- References.- 7 A "Dynamic Pattern" Perspective on the Control and Coordination of Movement.- I Introduction.- II Coordinative Structures as Constraints.- III Properties of Coordinative Structures.- IV Rationalizing Coordinative Structures as "Dynamic Patterns".- V Concluding Remarks.- Reference Notes.- References.- II Production Constraints and Sound Patterns of Language.- 8 Cross-Linguistic Studies of Speech Production.- References.- 9 The Origin of Sound Patterns in Vocal Tract Constraints.- I Introduction.- II Speech Aerodynamics.- III Conclusion.- References.- 10 Economy of Speech Gestures.- I Introduction.- II Coarticulation.- III Vowel Reduction.- IV Speech and General Motor Behavior.- V Phonological Adaptations.- VI Summary.- References.- 11 Design Features of Speech Sound Systems.- I Introduction.- II Examples of Features and Their Articulatory and Acoustic Correlates.- III Constraints on Sound Patterns Other Than Those Described by Feature-Related Properties.- IV Concluding Remarks.- References.- III Two Perspectives.- 12 In Favor of Some Uncommon Approaches to the Study of Speech.- I Introduction-Phonology vs. Phonetics.- II Intonation: Where a Hybrid Approach is Required.- III The Relevance of a Hybrid Approach to Segmental Problems.- IV Conclusion.- References.- 13 Some Reflections on Speech Research.- I Introduction.- II Retrospective: Speech Research to the 1960s.- III Prospective: Concepts and Approaches.- References.- Author Index.- Language Index.