Practical Sustainability Strategies

NIKOS AVLONAS is founder and President of the Centre for Sustainability and Excellence (CSE), a global advisory and training organization active in more than twenty-five countries. He has been distinguished as one of the "Top 100 Thought Leaders in Trustworthy Business Behavior" by Trust Across America. He is a well-known international educator and sustainability advisor in Fortune 500 companies in North America, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. GEORGE P. NASSOS, PhD, is Principal of George P. Nassos & Associates, a consulting company dedicated to renewable energy and environmental sustainability and also leads Sustainable Energy Systems, which markets a new waste-to-energy technology. After thirty-two years as a corporate executive in the chemical and environmental industries, Dr. Nassos entered academia for the next fourteen years as the Director of the Master of Science in Environmental Management and Sustainability program at the Stuart School of Business of the Illinois Institute of Technology, where it gained recognition as one of the best such programs in the world.

Preface xiii PART 1 INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABILITY 1 1. Urgency to Adopt Sustainability 3 2. Development of the Sustainability Concept and CSR 17 PART 2 SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGIES 25 3. The CERES and Other Principles 27 4. The Natural Step 39 5. Eco-effective Versus Eco-efficient: Sustainability Versus Being "Less Bad" 55 6. Extended Product Responsibility and "Servicizing" 65 7. Systems Thinking Leads to "Tunneling Through the Cost Barrier" 79 8. E nvironmental Innovation Through Biomimicry 89 9. Base of the Pyramid 107 10. Sustaining Fisheries 119 11. Environmentally Effective Buildings 131 12. Green Chemistry, Nanotechnology, and "Big Hairy Audacious Goal" 145 13. Sustainable Strategies and Beyond 159 PART 3 TOOLS AND METRICS 161 14. Standards and Guidelines for Managing Corporate Social Responsibility towards Sustainability 163 15. The Corporation and Its Stakeholders 177 16. Sustainability Reporting 189 17. Metrics for Sustainability 199 18. Life Cycle Analysis and Carbon Footprint 217 19. Water Footprint 227 20. Green Marketing, Communication, and Greenwashing 235 Part 4 Conclusion 247 21. Epilogue: Where Do We Go Now? 249 References 251 Appendix Additional Case Studies for a Practical Understanding of Sustainability 253 Index 291