Access to Medicine in the Global Economy

Cynthia M. Ho is the Clifford E. Vickrey Research Professor of Law and the Director of the Intellectual Property Program at the Loyola University Chicago School of Law. Professor Ho is an expert in patent law and policy, especially the intersection between patent and health issues. She has authored law reviews and book chapters on these issues, and her work has been cited in scholarly publications, textbooks, and international reports. She is the author of Q&A: Patent Law (Lexis 2008) as well as several interactive patent lessons for the Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Education, available at www.cali.org. Prior to joining the Loyola law faculty, Professor Ho was a patent lawyer at Fish & Neave, an intellectual property boutique law firm (now the Fish & Neave IP group of Ropes & Gray). She is registered to practice before the United States Patent and Trademark Office.

I. Background 1. From Conception to Commercial Success 2. A Limitation on the Patent Right to Exclude "Parallel Imports": An Introduction to International Exhaustion II. The Current Framework 3. An Introduction to TRIPS 4. Freedom Under TRIPS: India as an Example 5. Compulsory Licensing Under TRIPS: An Introduction 6. Compulsory License Case Study: An Introduction to Competing Patent Perspectives 7. Complicated Compulsory Licenses: The Waiver/Article 31bis "Solution" III. The Evolving Framework 8. An Overview of "TRIPS-Plus" Standards 9. Beyond Patents: Protecting Drugs Through Regulatory Laws 10. Suspensions of In Transit Generic Drugs: A Case Study of Competing Perspectives 11. A Historical View of Access to Medicine Through the Lens of Patent Perspectives 12. Looking Towards the Future