Polymer Synthesis Based on Triple-bond Building Blocks (eBook)

Contents 6
Preface 8
Helical Polyacetylenes Induced via Noncovalent Chiral Interactions and Their Applications as Chiral Materials 10
Abstract 10
1 Introduction 11
2 Macromolecular Helicity Induction in Polyacetylenes 12
3 Memory of Macromolecular Helicity Induced in Polyacetylenes 19
4 Application of Helical Polyacetylenes as Chiral Materials 27
5 Conclusion 34
Acknowledgements 34
References 34
Recent New Methodologies for Acetylenic Polymers with Advanced Functionalities 41
Abstract 41
1 Introduction 42
2 Homopolymerizations 43
2.1 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Coordination Polymerization 43
2.2 Ring-Opening Alkyne Metathesis Polymerization 44
2.3 Transition-Metal-Free Homopolymerizations 46
3 Two-Component Polymerizations 49
3.1 Click Polymerization 49
3.2 Polycoupling 57
4 Multicomponent Polymerizations 60
4.1 Multicomponent One-Pot Polymerizations 61
4.2 Multicomponent Tandem Polymerizations 66
4.3 Sequence-Controlled Multicomponent Polymerization 71
Conclusions and Perspective 74
Acknowledgements 74
References 74
Poly(aryleneethynylene)s: Properties, Applications and Synthesis Through Alkyne Metathesis 80
Abstract 80
1 Introduction 80
2 Properties and Applications of PAEs 81
2.1 Structure and Properties 81
2.2 Applications of PAEs 83
2.2.1 Optoelectronics 83
2.2.2 Porous Materials 88
3 Synthetic Methods 90
3.1 Cross-Coupling Reactions Versus Alkyne Metathesis 90
3.2 Alkyne Metathesis Catalysts 92
3.3 Recent Alkyne Metathesis Techniques 96
3.3.1 Acyclic diyne metathesis polymerization (ADIMET) 96
3.3.2 Ring-opening alkyne metathesis polymerization (ROAMP) 96
3.3.3 Combination of Cross-Coupling Reaction with Alkyne Metathesis 97
3.3.4 Cyclooligomerization 98
4 Conclusion 100
Acknowledgements 100
References 100
Construction of Polyarylenes with Various Structural Features via Bergman Cyclization Polymerization 104
Abstract 104
1 Introduction 106
2 Synthesis of Linear Conjugated Polymers 108
2.1 Linear Conjugated Backbones with Various Side Chains 108
2.2 Grafting Linear Conjugated Polymers onto Carbon Nanomaterials 112
3 Synthesis of Polymeric Nanoparticles 114
4 Fabrication of Polymeric Nanomembranes 121
5 New Challenges 127
6 Conclusions 129
Acknowledgements 130
References 130
An Update on Isocyanide-Based Multicomponent Reactions in Polymer Science 134
Abstract 134
1 Introduction 134
2 Monomer Synthesis 136
3 Passerini Polymerization 141
4 Ugi Polymerization 144
5 Architecture Control 148
6 Sequence-Defined Macromolecules 151
7 Postpolymerization Modifications 155
8 Conclusions 159
References 159
Functional Organometallic Poly(arylene ethynylene)s: From Synthesis to Applications 163
Abstract 163
1 Introduction 164
2 Synthesis of Organometallic Poly(arylene ethynylene)s 165
2.1 Group 10 Transition Metals 165
2.2 Groups 8 and 9 Transition Metals 167
2.3 Groups 11 and 12 Transition Metals 168
2.4 Heterobimetallic Polymers 171
3 Photophysics and Structure--Property Relationships of Polymetallaynes 173
3.1 Extent of pi -Conjugation of the Spacer 174
3.2 Post Functionalization of the Acetylenic Linkage 178
3.3 Effect of Pendant Metal Coordination 179
3.4 Geometry of Polymers 180
3.5 Effect of Metal in the Main Chain 180
4 New Emerging Applications 181
4.1 Light/Electrical Energy Conversion 182
4.1.1 Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes (PLEDs) 182
4.1.2 Polymer Solar Cells (PSCs) 185
4.2 Energy and Magnetic Data Storage 188
4.2.1 Organic Cathode Materials in Batteries 188
4.2.2 Magnetic Nanoparticles for Data Storage 189
5 Concluding Remarks and Future Prospects 191
Acknowledgements 192
References 192
Chemical Tongues and Noses Based upon Conjugated Polymers 196
Abstract 196
1 Introduction 197
2 Water-Soluble and Non-Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymers Useful as Elements in Optical Tongues 200
3 Applications 201
3.1 General Concepts 201
3.2 Metal Ions 208
3.3 Proteins 216
3.4 Nucleotides and Other Biological Entities 220
3.5 Bacteria 224
3.6 Amines 226
3.7 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), Explosives, and Arenes 230
3.8 Other Analytes 238
4 Conclusions 241
References 243