Industrial Neuroscience in Aviation (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 8
Abbreviations 10
List of Tables 13
1 Introduction 14
References 20
2 Preliminary Concepts 25
2.1 Nervous System 25
2.1.1 Basic Neurophysiology 31
2.1.2 EEG Generation 34
References 38
3 Mental States in Aviation 40
3.1 Aviation Medicine Hystory 40
3.2 Mental Workload 41
3.3 Cognitive Control Behavior 47
3.4 Training 52
3.5 Crew Resourses Management 57
References 58
4 Cognitive Processes 68
4.1 Working Memory 68
4.2 Attention 70
4.3 Decision-Making 72
4.4 Procedural Memory 74
References 76
5 Simulators 82
5.1 Simulators 82
5.2 NASA—Multi Attribute Task Battery (MATB) 82
5.3 ATM Environment 84
5.4 Flight Simulators 88
References 92
6 Neurophysiological Signals Processing 93
6.1 EEG Analysis 93
6.2 Estimation of Brain Cortical Sources Current Density 95
6.3 Generation of the Regions of Interest (ROIs) 96
6.4 EEG-Based Mental Workload Index (WEEG) 97
6.5 Inter-brain Connections 98
6.5.1 Coherence (COH) 98
6.5.2 Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) 99
6.5.3 Phase Locking Value (PLV) 99
6.6 Autonomic Data Analysis 100
6.7 Machine Learning 101
6.7.1 Supervised Learning Systems 103
6.7.2 Unsupervised Learning Systems 103
6.7.3 Reinforcement Learning System 104
6.7.4 Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) 107
6.7.5 Stepwise Linear Discriminant Analysis (SWLDA) 108
6.7.6 Automatic-Stop SWLDA (asSWLDA) 109
6.7.6.1 asSWLDA Over-Time Stability 112
6.7.6.2 Mental Workload Discrimination 113
6.7.6.3 Discussion and Conclusions 114
6.8 Self-reported Questionnaires 114
6.8.1 NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) 114
6.8.2 Instantaneous Self Assessment (ISA) 115
References 118
7 Applications 124
7.1 Mental Workload Evaluation 124
7.1.1 Air Traffic Controllers’ Mental Workload Evaluation 124
7.1.2 Mental Workload and CRM Evaluation in Commercial Fligths 128
7.1.3 Military Pilots Comparison from a Cognitive Perspective 131
7.1.4 Mental Workload Evaluation in Real Flights 134
7.1.5 Neuroergonomics: Avionic Technologies Testing 136
7.2 Training Assessment 139
7.3 Expertise Estimation of Professional ATCOs 146
References 151
8 General Conclusions 153
References 155