Graphene

Viera Skakalova works for the Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Austria. Alan Kaiser is Emeritus Professor at the School of Chemical and Physical Sciences and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.

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Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials

Preface

Part I: Preparation of graphene

1. Epitaxial growth of graphene on silicon carbide (SiC)

Abstract:

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) thermal decomposition of single-crystal SiC

1.3 Thermal decomposition of single-crystal SiC under ambient pressure conditions

1.4 Thermal decomposition of single-crystal SiC thin films and polycrystalline SiC substrates

1.5 Epitaxial graphene formed by intercalation

1.6 Conclusion

1.7 Acknowledgements

1.8 References

2. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of graphene films

Abstract:

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on nickel

2.3 Graphene with large domain sizes on copper

2.4 Growth on copper single crystals

2.5 Periodically stacked multilayers

2.6 Isotope labeling of CVD graphene

2.7 Conclusion

2.8 Acknowledgment

2.9 References

3. Chemically derived graphene

Abstract:

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Synthesis of graphene oxide (GO)

3.3 Reduction of graphene oxide (GO)

3.4 Physicochemical structure of graphene oxide (GO)

3.5 Electrical transport in graphene oxide (GO)

3.6 Applications of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide (GO/RGO)

3.7 Conclusion

3.8 Acknowledgements

3.9 References

4. Graphene produced by electrochemical exfoliation

Abstract:

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Synthesis of graphene by electrochemical exfoliation: a basic concept

4.3 Applications of graphene and graphene-based materials

4.4 Conclusion

4.5 Acknowledgments

4.6 References

Part II: Characterisation of graphene

5. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of graphene

Abstract:

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Graphene structure basics

5.3 Electron diffraction analysis of graphene

5.4 Graphene and defects in graphene observed by aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM)

5.5 Insights from electron microscopic studies of graphene

5.6 Conclusion

5.7 References

6. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of graphene

Abstract:

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Morphology, perfection and electronic structure of graphene flakes deposited on inert substrates

6.3 Morphology, perfection and electronic structure of graphene epitaxially grown on semiconductor and metallic substrates

6.4 Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)/scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) of point defects

6.5 STM/STS on graphene nanoribbons (GNR)

6.6 Conclusion

6.7 References

7. Raman spectroscopy of graphene

Abstract:

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Principles of Raman scattering

7.3 Phonons in graphene

7.4 Electronic structure of graphene

7.5 Raman spectrum of graphene

7.6 Conclusion

7.7 Acknowledgement

7.8 References

8. Photoemission of low-dimensional carbon systems

Abstract:

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Photoemission spectroscopy

8.3 Accessing the electronic properties of carbon sp2 hybridized systems: the C1s core level

8.4 Chemical state identification: inspection of bonding environments

8.5 Valence-band electronic structure

8.6 Conclusion

8.7 Acknowledgements

8.8 References

Part III: Electronic transport properties of graphene and graphene devices

9. Electronic transport in graphene: towards high mobility

Abstract:

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Metrics for scattering strength

9.3 Methods of graphene synthesis

9.4 Sources of scattering in graphene

9.5 Approaches to increase carrier mobility

9.6 Physical phenomena in high-mobility graphene

9.7 Conclusion

9.8 Acknowledgments

9.9 References

10. Electronic transport in bilayer graphene

Abstract:

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Historical development of bilayer graphene

10.3 Transport properties in bilayer graphene systems

10.4 Many-body effects of transport properties in bilayer graphene

10.5 Conclusion

10.6 References

11. Effect of adsorbents on electronic transport in graphene

Abstract:

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Interaction of adsorbates with graphene

11.3 Transfer-induced metal and molecule adsorptions

11.4 Influence of adsorbates on graphene field-effect transistors

11.5 Removal of polymer residues on graphene

11.6 Conclusion

11.7 References

12. Single-charge transport in graphene

Abstract:

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Single-charge tunneling

12.3 Electrical properties of graphene

12.4 Single-charge tunneling in graphene

12.5 Charge localization in graphene

12.6 Conclusion

12.7 References

13. Graphene spintronics

Abstract:

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Theories and important concepts

13.3 Experiments for generating pure spin current and the physical properties of pure spin current

13.4 Conclusion and future trends

13.5 References

14. Graphene nanoelectromechanics (NEMS)

Abstract:

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Graphene versus silicon

14.3 Graphene mechanical attributes

14.4 Fabrication technology for graphene microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)

14.5 Graphene nanoresonators

14.6 Graphene nanomechanical sensors

14.7 Conclusion and future trends

14.8 References

Index