The Routledge Companion to Indigenous Repatriation

Cressida Fforde is a Senior Research Fellow at the Centre for Heritage and Museum Studies, The Australian National University. From 2011–2019 she was Deputy Director of the National Centre for Indigenous Studies, ANU. Since 1991, she has undertaken research within the repatriation field for Indigenous communities and institutions internationally, particularly in the location and identification of Ancestral Remains through archival research. Dr Fforde’s work and publications have contributed significantly to scholarship in this area. She is recognised internationally for the knowledge she brings to repatriation practice and the analysis of the history of the removal and return of Indigenous Ancestral Remains. She was the lead Chief Investigator for the Return, Reconcile, Renew (2013–2016) and Restoring Dignity (2018–2020) projects, both funded by the Australian Research Council. C. Timothy McKeown is a legal anthropologist whose career has focused exclusively on the development and use of explicit ethnographic methodologies to document the cultural knowledge of communities and use that knowledge to enhance policy development and implementation. He has been intimately involved in the documentation and application of Indigenous knowledge to the development of U.S. repatriation policy since 1991. For 18 years, he served as a Federal official responsible for drafting regulations implementing the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), developing databases to document compliance, establishing a grants program, investigating allegations of failure to comply for possible civil penalties, coordinating the activities of a Secretarial advisory committee, and providing training and technical assistance to nearly 1,000 museums and Federal agencies and 700 indigenous communities across the U.S. He has served as Partner Investigator on multiple grants from the Australian Research Council. He is an Honorary Senior Research Fellow at the National Centre for Indigenous Studies, Australian National University, and a visiting instructor in cultural heritage studies, Central European University. He was a partner investigator on the Return, Reconcile, Renew (2013–2016) and Restoring Dignity (2018–2020) projects, both funded by the Australian Research Council. Honor Keeler (Cherokee) is Assistant Director of Utah Diné Bikéyah and holds an honorary position at the National Centre for Indigenous Studies at The Australian National University. She is currently a member of the NAGPRA Review Committee and was previously Director of the International Repatriation Project at the Association on American Indian Affairs. She is well regarded for her expertise in repatriation matters and has worked extensively to support Indigenous repatriation efforts, including bringing the legal, policy and legislative concerns of Native Americans in international repatriation to national and international forums. Honor was in charge of coordinating repatriation of Wesleyan University collections to Native nations, and the development related protocols, as well as teaching university courses on repatriation within a cultural resources and cultural property context. She is author of A Guide to International Repatriation: Starting an Initiative in Your Community, She graduated in 2010 with a JD and Indian Law Certificate (clinical honours) from the University of New Mexico School of Law. She was a partner investigator on the Return, Reconcile, Renew (2013–2016) and Restoring Dignity (2018–2020) projects, both funded by the Australian Research Council.

Introduction; Part 1. Global Reflections; 1 Indigenous Repatriation: The Rise of the Global Legal Movement; 2 Saahlinda Naay – Saving Things House: The Haida Gwaii Museum Past, Present and Future; 3 I Mana I Ka ‘Oiwi: Dignity Empowered by Repatriation; 4 Germany’s Engagement with the Repatriation Issue; 5 The Face of Genocide: Returning Human Remains from German Institutions to Namibia; 6 Repatriation in the Torres Strait; 7 Ngarrindjeri Repatriation: Kungun Ngarrindjeri Yunnan (Listen to Ngarrindjeri Speaking); 8 Repatriation in the Kimberley: Practice, Approach, and Contextual History; 9 Restitution Policies in Argentina: The Role of the State, Indigenous Peoples, Museums, and Researchers; 10 The Control of Ancestors in the Era of Neoliberal Multiculturalism in Chile; 11 Repatriation in Rapa Nui, Ka Haka Hoki Mai Te Mana Tupuna; 12 Paradoxes and Prospects of Repatriation to the Ainu: Historical Background, Contemporary Struggles, and Visions for the Future; 13 When the Living Forget the Dead: The Cross-Cultural Complexity of Implementing the Return of Museum Held Ancestral Remains; 14 The Majimaji War Mass Graves and the Challenges of Repatriation, Identity, and Remedy; Part 2. Histories and worldwide networks; 15 Russia and the Pacific: Expeditions, Networks, and the Acquisition of Human Remains; 16 Missionaries and the Removal, Illegal Export, and Return of Ancestral Remains: The Case of Father Ernst Worms; 17 ‘Under The Hammer’: The Role of Auction Houses and Dealers in the Distribution of Indigenous Ancestral Remains; 18 Profit and Loss: Scientific Networks and the Commodification of Indigenous Ancestral Remains; 19 ‘Inhuman and Very Mischievous Traffic’: Early Measures to Cease the Export of Ancestral Remains from Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia; 20 Uses and Abuses: Indigenous Human Remains and the Development of European Science: An Aotearoa/New Zealand Case Study; 21 Australian Ancestral Remains in French Museums: Pathways to Repatriation; 22 The French Acquisition of Toi moko from Aotearoa/New Zealand in the Nineteenth Century; 23 The Andreas Reischek Collection in Vienna and New Zealand’s Attempts at Repatriation; 24 Collecting and Colonial Violence; 25 Wilhelm Krause’s Collections – Journeys between Australia and Germany; 26 Theorising Race and Evolution – German Anthropologie and Australian Aboriginal Ancestral Remains in the Late Nineteenth Century; 27 Navigating the Nineteenth Century Collecting Network: The Case of Joseph Barnard Davis; 28 Physical Anthropology in the Field: Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay; Part 3. Repatriation methods; 29 Research for Repatriation Practice; 30 Provenance Research and Historical Sources for Understanding 19th Century Scientific Interest in Indigenous Human Remains: The Scholarly Journals and Popular Science Media; 31 Cultural Protocols in Repatriation: Processes at the Kimberley Aboriginal Law and Culture Centre; 32 ‘Australian Aborigine Skulls in a Loft in Birmingham, It Seems a Weird Thing’: Repatriation Work and the Search for Jandamarra; 33 Recovered: A Law Enforcement Approach to Meaningful Collaboration and Respectful Repatriation; 34 Genomic Testing of Ancient DNA: The Case of the Ancient One (also known as Kennewick Man); 35 Repatriation Knowledge in the Networked Archive of the Twenty-First Century; 36 Managing Indigenous Cultural Materials: The Australian Experience; 37 A Partnership Approach to Repatriation of Maori Ancestors; 38 Being Proactive: Ethical Reflections on Navigating the Repatriation Process; 39 Sharing Reflections on Repatriation: Manchester Museum and Brighton Negotiations, A Decade On; 40 The Return of Ancestral Remains from the Natural History Museum, London to Torres Strait Islander Traditional Owners: Repatriation Practice at the Museum and Community Level; 41 The Repatriation of Ancestral Human Remains from The Natural History Museum, London to Torres Strait Islander Traditional Owners: The Institutional and Governmental View; 42 Two Eagles and Jim Crow: Reburial and History-making in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales; Part 4. Restoring Dignity; 43 Dignified Relationships: Repatriation, Healing and Reconciliation; 44 Striving for Gozhoìoì: Apache Harmony and Healing Through Repatriation; 45 Repatriation and the Trauma of Native American History; 46 Returning to Yarluwar-Ruwe: Repatriation as a Sovereign Act of Healing; 47 Repatriation, Song and Ceremony: The Ngarrindjeri Experience; 48 Transforming the Archive: Returning and Connecting; 49 The Artist as Detective in the Museum Archive: A Creative Response to Repatriation and its Historic Context; 50 Repatriating Love to Our Ancestors; 51 ‘Let Them Rest in Peace’: Exploring Interconnections Between Repatriation from Museum and Battlefield Contexts; 52 Repatriation and the Negotiation of Identity: On the 20th Anniversary of the Pawnee Tribe–Smithsonian Institution Steed-Kisker Dispute; 53 Inside the Human Remains Store: The Impact of Repatriation on Museum Practice in the United Kingdom; 54 ‘And the Walls came Tumbling Down’; 55 The Ethics of Repatriation: Reflections on the Australian Experience; 56 Contested Human Remains in Museums: Can ‘Hope and History Rhyme’?