Computational Methods to Examine Team Communication (eBook)

Acknowledgments 7
Contents 9
About the Authors 13
List of Abbreviations 14
List of Figures 15
List of Tables 17
Chapter 1: Team Communication in Theory and Practice 19
Why Write a Book About Longitudinal Team Communication? 19
Longitudinal Team Communication Research 20
What Theoretical Frameworks Help Explain Longitudinal Team Communication? 22
Recurring Phase Model of Team Processes 22
Temporal Dimensions of Organizational Change 25
Application to Longitudinal Team Communication 26
What Team Types Are Examined in this Book? 27
Distributed Versus In Person Teams 27
Unrestricted Versus Time Pressured Teams 28
What Is Included in this Book? 29
Overview of Chapters 29
Methodological Appendices 32
Managerial Minutes 32
Why Should You Read This Book? 32
Researchers 33
Practitioners 34
Chapter 2: Structured Literature Review 35
Literature Search Procedures 35
Literature Review Trends and Observations 51
Research Designs 52
Data Collection, Coding, and Manipulations 53
Analytical Techniques 55
Visualization Techniques 56
Findings 57
Available Resources 58
Chapter 3: The Study 59
The Sample 59
The Study Design 60
Task Description and Procedures 60
Performance Episodes 61
Communication Media 62
Time Availability 62
The Data 63
Performance Measures 63
Communication Strings 64
Coding Framework 65
Coding Process 66
Data Operationalizations 69
Previous Data Use 70
Appendix: Example Dataset Description 72
Data Description 72
Chapter 4: Rhythm of Team Communication 74
Introduction to Team Communication Rhythm 74
Research Questions 76
Methodology 76
Methodological Approaches: Recurrence Quantification Analysis and Linear Mixed Modeling 76
Data Specification 77
Analyses 78
Findings for Team Communication Rhythm 80
Visualizing Conversation Rhythm 82
Examining Conversation Rhythm Using Recurrence Metrics 83
Rhythm Differences Across Time Constraints and Communication Media 83
Rhythm Differences Across Time Constraints and Communication Media Results 83
Overall Patterns Observed in Rhythm Differences Across Time Constraints and Communication Media 84
Rhythm Differences Across Performance 85
Rhythm Differences Across Performance Results 85
Overall Patterns Observed in Rhythm Differences Across Performance 86
Theoretical Implications and Future Research 87
Methodological Contributions and Future Research 88
Appendix: How to Conduct Recurrence Analysis 89
Data Preparation 89
Matrix Generation 89
Recurrence Quantification Analysis Metrics Calculations 90
Recurrence Rate 91
Determinism 91
Entropy 92
Data Usage 93
Recurrence Plots 93
Regression Analysis 93
Chapter 5: Timing and Pacing of Team Communication 96
Introduction to Team Communication Timing and Pacing 96
Research Questions 98
Methodology 99
Methodological Approaches: Network Pictographs and Statistical Comparisons 99
Data Specification 99
Analyses 99
Timing 101
Pacing 101
Findings for Team Communication Timing and Pacing 102
Examining Communication Timing 102
Frequency Differences Over Time 102
Frequency Differences Over Time Results 102
Overall Patterns Observed in Frequency Differences Over Time 107
Frequency Differences Across Time Constraints and Communication Media 108
Frequency Differences Across Time Constraints and Communication Media Results 108
Overall Patterns Observed in Frequency Differences Across Time Constraints and Communication Media 110
Investigating Communication Pacing 111
Complexity Differences Over Time and Across Time Constraints and Communication Media 111
Complexity Differences Over Time and Across Time Constraints and Communication Media Results 111
Overall Patterns Observed in Complexity Differences Over Time and Across Time Constraints and Communication Media 113
Theoretical Implications and Future Research 114
Methodological Contributions and Future Research 115
Appendix: How to Create and Compare Network Pictographs 116
Data Preparation 116
Timing 117
Pacing 117
Network Pictographs 117
Data Usage 118
Timing 118
Pacing 120
Chapter 6: Polyphony in Team Communication 122
Introduction to Team Communication Polyphony 122
Research Questions 124
Methodology 124
Methodological Approaches: Proportional Hazards and Andersen-Gill Intensity Models 124
Data Specification 125
Proportional Hazards Analysis 125
Andersen-Gill Intensity Analysis 126
Analyses 126
Proportional Hazards Analysis 126
Andersen-Gill Intensity Analysis 128
Findings for Team Communication Polyphony 128
Examining the Polyphony of Initial Conversations 128
Interrelationships Among Initial Topic Shift Points 128
Interrelationships Among Initial Topic Shift Points Results 128
Unrestricted Teams 131
Time Pressured Teams 132
Overall Patterns Observed in Interrelationships Among Topic Shift Points 134
Examining the Polyphony of Recurring Conversations 134
Intensity of Mission Analysis and Tactical Strategy Conversations 135
Intensity of Mission Analysis and Tactical Strategy Conversations Results 135
Unrestricted Teams 136
Time Pressured Teams 137
Overall Patterns Observed in Intensity of Mission Analysis and Tactical Strategy Shift Points 137
Theoretical Implications and Future Research 138
Methodological Contributions and Future Research 139
Appendix: How to Conduct Event History Analysis 140
Data Preparation 141
Data Usage 143
Proportional Hazards Model 143
Andersen-Gill Intensity Model 145
Chapter 7: Sequence of Team Communication 147
Introduction to Team Communication Sequencing 147
Research Questions 149
Methodology 149
Methodological Approaches: Hierarchical Clustering Analysis and Dendrograms 149
Data Specification 149
Analyses 150
Chi-Squared Tests of Independence 150
Hierarchical Clustering Analysis 151
Findings for Team Communication Sequencing 152
Determining If Sequential Patterns Exist 152
Examining Sequences in Team Communication 152
Sequential Patterns in Team Communication 152
Sequential Patterns in Team Communication Results 152
Overall Patterns of Results by Team Type 154
Unrestricted Distributed Teams 154
Unrestricted In Person Teams 159
Time Pressured Distributed Teams 161
Time Pressured In Person Teams 163
Comparing Sequential Patterns across Conditions 164
Comparisons Across Performance Episodes 164
Comparisons of Distributed Versus In Person Teams 165
Comparisons of Unrestricted Versus Time Pressured Teams 166
Theoretical Implications and Future Research 167
Methodological Contributions and Future Research 169
Appendix: How to Conduct Cluster Analysis and Construct Dendrograms 171
Data Preparation 171
Data Usage 172
Chi-Squared Test of Independence 172
Hierarchical Clustering 173
Cross-Condition Comparisons 174
Chapter 8: What We Learned about Longitudinal Team Communication 177
Insights Garnered From a Holistic Examination of Longitudinal Team Communication 178
Engage in Transition Processes Before Action Processes 179
Recognize the Changing Relevance of Transition Processes Over Time 180
Avoid the Curse of Unrestricted Time 181
Exploit Learning Over Time 183
Satisfice Under Time Pressure 184
Theoretical and Methodological Contributions From Our Examination of Longitudinal Team Communication 185
Theoretical Contributions Vis-à-Vis Bartunek and Woodman (2015) and Marks et al. (2001) 185
Methodological Contributions 187
Study Limitations and Future Opportunities 188
Concluding Thoughts 190
Appendix A: Laboratory Task Documents 192
References 197
Index 208