Research Methods and Methodologies in Education

Robert Coe, Director of Research and Development at Evidence Based Education, Senior Associate at the Education Endowment Foundation and Honorary Professor of Education at Durham University.  His research interests focus on the application of research to supporting improvements in educational practice, drawing on experience as a university professor and high school teacher, with particular expertise in evaluation methodology and educational assessment. Dr Michael Waring, Griffith Institute for Educational Research, School of Education and Professional Studies, Griffith University, Australia. He sits on the executive of the Society for Educational Studies, and is on the editorial board of the British Journal of Educational Studies and Higher Education Pedagogies. His research interests focus on the development of inclusive participatory pedagogy, assessment feedback, research literacy and the use of learning technologies as part of distance and blended learning in higher education and initial teacher education contexts. Generally, and as part of the exploration of this personalised learning agenda, he is interested in the use and innovative development of qualitative research methodology. Larry V. Hedges is one of eight Board of Trustees Professors at Northwestern, the university’s most distinguished academic position. He holds appointments in statistics and data science, psychology, education and social policy, and medical social sciences. Previously, he was the Stella M. Rowley Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago. He received the Yidan Prize in Education Research in 2018 and the José Vasconcelos World Award of Education from the World Culture Council in 2023 He is an elected member of the National Academy of Education and is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Statistical Association, the American Psychological Association, the Association for Psychological Science, and the American Educational Research Association. He is also a member of the Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, which established an annual endowed lecture in his honor. He was selected to give the inaugural Hedges Lecture in 2016. Hedges was nominated by President Barack Obama to the Board of Directors of the National Board for Education Sciences, was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in June 2012, and was elected Chair of the Board in 2016. Widely published, he has authored or co-authored 250 journal articles and 13 books including Coe, Waring, Hedges, & Day Ashley, Research Methods and Methodologies in Education, 3rd edition (2021, Sage London). He has also co-directed  research training institutes on research design  funded by the US Institute of Education Sciences, the National Institutes of Health, and the National Science Foundation for the last 20 years. Professor James Arthur, Deputy Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Professor of Education and Civic Engagement, University of Birmingham. He is Director, Jubilee Centre for Character and Virtues, an inter-disciplinary research centre focussing on character, virtues and values in the interest of human flourishing. He has written widely on the relationship between theory and practice in education, particularly the links between communitarianism, social virtues, citizenship, religion and education. He is Secretary to the Society for Educational Studies.

Chapter 1: Introduction - Robert J. Coe
PART I: INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH METHODS AND METHODOLOGIES IN EDUCATION
Chapter 2: The nature of educational research - Robert J. Coe
Chapter 3: Finding your theoretical position - Michael Waring
PART II: BASIC PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH
Chapter 4: Design of empirical research - Larry V. Hedges
Chapter 5: Planning your research - Laura Day Ashley
Chapter 6: Inference and interpretation in research - Robert J. Coe
Chapter 7: Research ethics - Martyn Hammersley
PART III: RESEARCH DESIGNS
Chapter 8: Action research - Carol Munn-Giddings
Chapter 9: Naturalistic research - Rob Walker
Chapter 10: Ethnographic research - Ghazala Bhatti
Chapter 11: Visual methodologies - Claudia Mitchell
Chapter 12: Grounded theory - Michael Waring
Chapter 13: Case study research - Laura Day Ashley
Chapter 14: Secondary data - Emma Smith
Chapter 15: Longitudinal research - Anna Vignoles
Chapter 16: Statistical and correlational techniques - Stephen Gorard
Chapter 17: Impact evaluation - Steve Higgins
Chapter 18: Interventions: experiments - Peter Tymms
Chapter 19: Mixing methods in education research - Gert Biesta
Chapter 20: Systematic reviews - Carole Torgerson, Jill Hall, Kate Lewis-Light
PART IV: DATA COLLECTION TOOLS
Chapter 21: In-depth interviews - Carolyn L. Mears
Chapter 22: Focus groups and group interviews - Anita Gibbs
Chapter 23: Internet-based methods - Rhona Sharpe & Greg Benfield
Chapter 24: Doing social media research - Eve Stirling
Chapter 25: Documentary methods - Gary McCulloch
Chapter 26: Questionnaires - Peter Tymms
Chapter 27: Measurement and validity - Ronald K. Hambleton
PART V: ANALYSIS METHODS
Chapter 28: Using software in qualitative data analysis - Graham R. Gibbs
Chapter 29: Statistical analysis tools - Paul Connolly
Chapter 30: Discourse analysis - Elaine Vaughan
Chapter 31: Media analysis - Michael Atkinson
Chapter 32: Biographical research - Michael Tedder
Chapter 33: Statistical hypothesis tests - Michael Borenstein
Chapter 34: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) - H. J. Keselman & Lisa Lix
Chapter 35: Multiple linear regression - Stephen Gorard
Chapter 36: Multilevel analysis - Michael Seltzer & Jordan Rickles
Chapter 37: Effect size - Robert J. Coe
Chapter 38: Meta-analysis - Larry V. Hedges